# Redland librdf Language Bindings

## Redland-bindings 1.0.17.1 changes

Synchronise with Redland 1.0.17 (release notes). This release requires Redland 1.0.16 or newer which requires Rasqal 0.9.25 and Raptor 2.0.7 or newer.

Issues Fixed:

- 0000406: Python API one-liner segfaults
- 0000549: add python 3 support to redland-bindings
- 0000552: make test-php has problem finding librdf.so.0
- 0000569: example.py: "librdf_query_execute(" ... syntax error, unexpected '(', expecting '{'

### Python Bindings changes

Add query limit and offset getter/setter wrappers to RDF.py. Patch from artfwo - thanks.

Added Python 3.0 support (continue supporting python 2) with patch from Diane Trout - thanks. Fixes Issue #0000549

Generate recommended files: `_Redland.so`code> (or .dylib) wrapped by `Redland.py`. Redland.py is now required to be shipped to make the bindings work. WARNING: this will likely cause distribution packaging changes. Patch from Peter Liljenberg - thanks.

Added examples of MySQL storage. Patch from Olivier Berger - thanks.

Use python distutils get_python_inc() to get includes path.

### Ruby Bindings changes

Updated `configure` to get Ruby 2.0 arch headers file so the bindings work with Ruby 2.

### Other changes

Removed old tests

## Redland-bindings 1.0.16.1 changes

Synchronise with Redland 1.0.16 (release notes). This release requires Redland 1.0.16 which requires Rasqal 0.9.25 and Raptor 2.0.7 or newer.

Issues Fixed:

- 0000243: Ruby bindings emit lots of warnings when loading library
- 0000444: Ruby bindings installation is incomplete (redland.bundle missing)
- 0000480: installation for ruby could still be improved
- 0000498: 'parse_string_into_model' calls 'parse_string_as_stream' with an incorrect number of parameters in Ruby binding

### Ruby bindings changes

Update ruby configuration for newer 1.9 config macros and variables using ruby arch include directory if it exists.

Set the ruby build suffix at configure time and add an option to make it configurable with `configure` argument `--with-ruby-linking` taking values 'so', 'dylib' or 'bundle'

Added configure `--with-ruby-install-dir-variable` to set non-arch ruby install var. Fixes Issue #0000480

Make Parser class method `parse_string_into_model()` work properly.

Fix ruby -w warnings - commenting out literals. Fixes Issue #0000243

### Other changes

Remove all RDQL test queries since support is being removed from Rasqal.

`autogen.sh` now supports the `NOCONFIGURE` variable like Lib{XML2,XSLT}, aborts the run if an progrma fails and creates the NEWS if it does not exist to aid building from GIT and 'make dist'.

## Redland-bindings 1.0.15.1 changes

Never released.

## Redland-bindings 1.0.14.1 changes

Synchronise with Redland 1.0.14 (release notes). This release requires Redland 1.0.14 which requires Rasqal 0.9.25 and Raptor 2.0.0 or newer.

SWIG 2.0.0 or newer is now recommended. Not tested with SWIG 1.x series.

Issues Fixed:

- 0000473: Python API objects can not be sub-classed.

### Perl changes

Perl 5.7.3 or newer is required now.

Node and URI class: set utf8 flag on scalars in Node->literal_value and URI->as_string. (Gregory Todd Williams)

Added a hack to prevent false runtime warnings about a variable used once.

### PHP changes

PHP logging and error handling enhancements. (Joe Presbrey)

### Python changes

Change all 'type(arg) is T' to 'isinstance(arg, T)' to allow subclassing of the Redland python classes. Fixes Issue #00000473

## Redland librdf Language Bindings 1.0.13.1 Changes

Synchronise with Redland 1.0.13 (release notes). This release requires Redland 1.0.13 which requires Rasqal 0.9.25 and Raptor 2.0.0 or newer. Raptor V1 support was removed.

Issues Fixed:

- Issue #0000390: Ruby Redland::Model#triples_with_context exception
- Issue #0000398: configure.ac hardcodes part of the python module path, which breaks 64 bit
- Issue #0000401: behaviour of RDF.QuerySet has changed since 1.0.7.1 or later
- Issue #0000403: destructor for RDF.Query throws an exception
- Issue #0000411: Perl installs to /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/ openSUSE want's it under /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl
- Issue #0000412: when building packages, ruby gems should go in sitearchdir
- Issue #0000413: Licensing of source code is unclear to distributions

### Python changes

Validate all constructors set attributes to None so that early destruction does not give undefined attribute errors.

`Node` class methods `__str__()` and `__unicode__()` methods now return simple string results.

`Node` class method `__unicode__()` no longer returns a formatted result (in N-Triples) but grabs a simple string value for literal, blank and uri.

`Node` class gains a `blank` property returning a Unicode blank node ID.

`Node` class gains a `literal` property returning a tuple of (string, language, datatype URI).

`Query` constructor now accepts Unicode `querystrings` argument values. Issue #0000403

`QueryResults` method `to_string()` was fixed to return bindings results when given a base URI.

Using `len()` on an iterable `QueryResults` now returns an exception since this breaks the idea of an iterable object; it has no well defined length. Issue#0000401

### Ruby changes

Model class method `triples_with_context()` now returns both the statement and context properly. Issue #0000390

Fixed a number of Ruby tests by restoring `Redland::Node#to_s` to it's old behavior of returning string values without quotes.

Made the Ruby tests less noisy.

Improved Ruby serialiser tests.

### Configuration changes

Removed `redland-config` support; use only `pkg-config redland`.

Removed `--with-redland` option and support for compiling against a non-installed redland.

`configure` now warns if the system redland is newer than our version and errors out if it is older.

The python configuration in `configure` now uses `distutils.sysconfig` function `get_python_lib()` to get the library binary directory. Added option `--with-python-get-python-lib-args` to set the parameters if necessary. Issue#0000398

The perl configuration in `configure` was updated to use a new `--with-perl-makemaker-args` option to allow the builder or packager to configure the perl build and installation using standard `ExtUtils::MakeMaker` options. Issue #0000411

The ruby configuration in `configure` was updated to add `--with-ruby-install-dir`, `--with-ruby-arch-install-dir` and `--with-ruby-arch-install-dir-variable` options to configure Ruby installation paths for architecture independent and architecture-dependent files. Issue #0000412

### Other changes

All files are now recorded that they are available under the three license alternatives (or any newer version) using the current text from LICENSE.html at the root of this package. In addition python/RDF.py is also available under the BSD License without advertising (aka MIT license), the license text is included in the file. Issue #0000413

## Redland librdf Language Bindings 1.0.11.1 Changes

Issues Fixed:

- 0000292: Method Redland::Resource.type? always return true

### Lua binding

Added experimental Lua language binding. Use `--with-lua=lua5.1` etc. to select a particular binary and version. This same name will be used with `pkg-config(1)` to get the include and link lines.

### Python binding

Fix Unicode conversion for strings to use correct functions and throw better runtime errors exceptions.

Fix linking parameter order for python to help with newer GCC that force `-Wl,--as-needed` link args.

### Ruby binding

Fixed method Redland::Resource.type? to not always return true: Issue #0000292

## Redland Bindings 1.0.10.1 Changes

Issues Fixed:

- 0000257: Make PYTHON_LIB installation directory configurable
- 0000313: Unicode to UTF8 buffer overflows

### PHP binding changes

Make PHP bindings link again by restoring LDFLAGS.

Fix PHP C interface librdf_php_check_exception to work when compiled with "ZTS mode". Whatever that is!

### Python binding changes

Added Parser class method namespaces_seen

Allocate enough bytes for storing an UTF-8 encoded version of a python UCS-2 encoded Unicode string - up to 3 bytes per codepoint. Fixes Issue#000313

Added PYTHON_LDFLAGS, PYTHON_LIBEXT, PYTHON_INCLUDES and PYTHON_LIB `configure`envariables to override/set the python build parameters. Thanks to 'normang' for inspring this change from the patch in the Issue#0000257 that it fixes.

### Ruby binding changes

Model class method `delete`: allow wildcards in s,p,o to delete a set of statements from a Model.find call. Patch from Aria Stewart.

Model class method `load`: added

Parser class methods `parse_into_model` and `parse_string_into_model`: add documentation to note argument orders are different.

Resource class method `type?`: Use return value of model.find - a sequence and count it's size rather than just compare value to nil. Addresses Issue#000292 but may not fix it.

Alter linking to put LDFLAGS at end of line so that they can be overridden by user/distro. Patch from Aria Stewart.

### Other changes

## Redland Bindings 1.0.9.1 Changes

Never released.

## Redland Bindings 1.0.8.1 Changes

The main change in this release is to synchronise with Redland 1.0.8 (Redland 1.0.8 release Notes) and provide a few other fixes and improvements.

Changed the configuration to prefer using `pkg-config` details over redland-config. This is the future and also makes linking work better on OSX.

### Perl Bindings Changes

The Parser and Serializer class feature methods now cast values to/from Node for set/get when needed.

### Python Bindings Changes

Modified linking to use new configure options `--with-python-ldflags` and `--with-python_libext` options to help systems such as Cygwin where the shared libraries are not .so

### Ruby Bindings Changes

Updates to tests for expected SPARQL XML Results.

## Redland Bindings 1.0.7.1 Changes

The main change in this release is to synchronise with Redland 1.0.7 (Redland 1.0.7 release Notes) and provide a few other fixes and improvements.

Removed Tcl, Java and C# APIs from the release as promised in Feb 2007

### PHP Bindings Changes

Throws proper PHP5 exceptions when errors happen, passing along location information to the caller.

Null URIs and Redland nodes can be given with a PHP `null`.

Probably does not work on PHP4 anymore.

### Python Bindings Changes

Parser class: Do not set rdfxml as default parser, let Redland figure that out.

Parser class: add method set_uri_filter to set the URI rejection filter function.

GRDDLParser class: added as a convenience class to create a parser of name 'grddl'.

Fixed Issue#0000212 : QueryResults.to_string is not working

### Other changes

Updated SPARQL `CONSTRUCT` in perl example and test code Fixes Issue#0000247: Actuall v is 1.0.6.1 ; example.pl ends with an error

Updated `autogen.sh` to handle better vesioning, OSX glibtoolize and ltdl.

Some C# build fixes.

## Redland Bindings 1.0.6.1 Changes

The main change in this release is to synchronise with Redland 1.0.6 (Redland 1.0.6 release Notes) and provide several other fixes and improvements.

### Packaging and Configuration Changes

### C# bindings changes

None

### Java bindings changes

None

### Perl bindings changes

Parser class gains namespaces_seen method to return hash of namespace prefix/uris seen during a parse.

### PHP bindings changes

None

### Python bindings changes

QueryResults class method __len__: Return 0 when the count is not 0 Fixes Issue #0000166

Model class method add_statement now raises an error if adding statement fails.

Node class constructor: Convert literals from Unicode to UTF-8 for redland n=RDF.Node(literal= u'this is unicode') now works Fixes Issue #0000147

Query class now raises an error if construction fails.

Serializer class constructor now defaults to none name, mime_type and raises an error if construction fails.

### Ruby bindings changes

Apply patch from #0000121 again not properly fixed in previous patching owl.rb Fixes Issue #0000121

Uri, NodeIterator and QueryResults classes gain a finalizer to close and free up the redland objects on destruction.

Model, Parser, Query, Serializer and Store classes: Apply patch to comment out log .info calls. Fixes Issue #0000170 and Issue #0000172

Serializer class feature methods: Fix use of Node constructor. Fixes Issue #0000140

Serializer class method model_to_string: Fix null base_uri (Patch from Jeff Dutton)

Strem class fixed incorect call to librdf_free_model(stream) Fixes Issue #0000171

### Tcl bindings changes

None

## Redland Bindings 1.0.5.1 Changes

The main change in this release is to synchronise with Redland 1.0.5 (Redland 1.0.5 release Notes) and provide several other fixes and improvements.

### Packaging and Configuration Changes

Patched `configure` to remove un-necessary tests for C++ or F77++ compilers that `libtool` stupidly insists on.

Added `--with-python-ldflags` for working around installing python in odd places.

Create directories before make install. Fixes Issue #0000126

### C# bindings changes

Model class methods getSource, getArc and getTarget now return null rather than try to create a Node with null value.

Parser class constructors now working again, defaulting to RDF/XML parser.

### Java bindings changes

Add Java Query and QueryResults classes and example of using them. Added Serializer method setNamespace.

### Perl bindings changes

Parser class now allows undef arguments for base URIs.

### PHP bindings changes

None.

### Python bindings changes

Subclass python class `Warning` defined in C for making a `RedlandWarning`. Fixes Issue #0000109

Storage class gained some update docs.

### Ruby bindings changes

Model class added method to_string. Removed several puts in methods. Method save now works when using default serializer and not filename.

Node class method from_node now calls Uri constructor properly.

Node class now defines bnode and anon to match docs Fixes Issue #0000122

Parser class now has constructor for a turtle parser.

QueryResults class added method bindings_count.

QueryResults class methods binding_value, binding_value_by_name now handle nil values.

Serializer class modified method set_namespace to use prefix, uri_ordering. Constructor now defaults to rdfxml syntax.

Storage class no longer echos storage options to stdout.

Added OWL_NS to owl.rb. Fixes Issue #0000121

Example gains query and serializer test code.

Removed some recursive includes of `Redland`.

### Tcl bindings changes

None

## Redland Bindings 1.0.4.1 Changes

The main change in this release is to synchronise with Redland 1.0.4 (Redland 1.0.4 release Notes) and provide some other minor fixes.

### Packaging and Configuration Changes

Now using Subversion for version control and the Redland bindings installation instructions explain how to get Redland from Subversion.

### C# bindings changes

Return `null` in more cases when a redland function returns 0/NULL for a function result..

### Java bindings changes

Rename the SWIG accessor java functions for the constants which changed in some previous SWIG verison.

### Perl bindings changes

No changes.

### PHP bindings changes

No changes.

### Python bindings changes

Fix module cleanup to ensure Redland.librdf_free_world lives till the end.

`NS` Class: Rename method `node` and local variables to `__`-prefixed names less likely to be used in a namespace.

Edit to allow omitting a literal language and make the default work with the updated typed literal fix in Redland 1.0.3

### Ruby bindings changes

Build fixes for newer SWIG.

### Tcl bindings changes

Update build configuration to record redland name/version correctly.

## Redland Bindings 1.0.3.1 Changes

The main changes in this release are:

Synchronises with Redland 1.0.3 (Redland 1.0.3 release Notes)

Many fixes across multiple binding languages.

Version Control change: Redland Bindings will be switching to use Subversion for version control after the 1.0.2.1 release. Please check the Redland Subversion site for the latest status or the online Redland Bindings installation notes for the Redland Bindings specific subversion installation information.

### Packaging and Configuration Changes

The build now generates a bindings.rdf DOAP file.

The autogen.sh script for building from a soruce code checkout was revamped to be more modular.

RPM spec file was updated. It now defines perl_sitearch, python_libdir, ruby_dir and ruby_libdir at RPM build time. The build requirements were split out and now declare minimum versions. Uses newer %configure and %{__make} macros and License header field.

### C# bindings changes

Namespace fixes patch from John Barstow.

Update nunit console to newer.

Update C# syntax for Mono 1.8.x+.

### Java bindings changes

No changes.

### Perl bindings changes

`QueryResults.to_string`: return boolean format results.

`Storage` constructor: Improve storage options handling by allowing a perl hash options in addition to the current form of a string of redland options. Patch from Kjetil Kjernsmo.

### PHP bindings changes

Insert phpinfo and module shutdown using SWIG alone which might work better.

### Python bindings changes

- win32 fixes
- `Model.load` returns a boolean
- `Parser.parse_into_model` and `Parser.parse_string_into_model` now return boolean success/failure
- Improve default arguments for `Parser` and `Serializer` convienence classes, keeping the same defaults
- Added test `testSPARQLQueryTwiceOverwriteVar` which fails due to current Rasqal implementation.
- Remove use of `SWIGEXPORT` macro which breaks on newer SWIGs
- `World.__del__`: Added hack to prevent death if python destroys the Redland module before the RDF module. Fixes Issue #0000044
- `URI.__hash__`: Use hash of str(self) to make a working URI hash allowing Redland URIs to be stored in Python dicts. Fixes Issue #0000047
- `QueryResults.make_results_hash`, `QueryResults.get_binding_value` and `QueryResults.get_binding_value_by_name`: Check for a None value and set it in the results correctly. Fixes Issue #0000059
- `Parser.parse_string_as_stream` and `Parser.parse_string_into_model`: Convert a Python unicode string to the UTF-8 bytes Redland expects. Fixes Issue #0000061
- Make Python exceptions `RedlandError` and `RedlandWarning` properly returned from the RDF module by importing them correctly from C. Fixes Issue #0000068
- `QueryResults.to_file` and `QueryResults.to_string` now use the default format when given None.

### Ruby bindings changes

- Remove mention of `log4r` not really ever used
- `Serializer` class method `model_to_string` added.
- `Query` class method initialize - add missing base_uri arg
- `QueryResults` class: added, separate from query class.
- `Statement` class method ==(other) added
- `Model` class method `query_execute` added
- `Parser` class: Use rdfxml as parser name
- `Resource` class method initialize: Make it work with a `Uri` argument. Fixes Issue #0000048.
- `Model` class method get_resource): Handle find returning nil for no result. Fixes Issue #0000049

### Tcl bindings changes

No changes.

## Redland Bindings 1.0.2.1 Changes

This release is mainly to synchronise with Redland 1.0.2

### Perl bindings changes

Query results are now serialized to the latest SPARQL XML format.

A `$VERSION` variable is exported by the perl binding so that you can do `use RDF::Redland 1.00_02` to ensure you get a certain version or newer.

Node class method `new_literal` modified to accept several classes of perl URI and fixed to promote them correctly to a redland URI.

### Python bindings changes

Query results are now serialized to the latest SPARQL XML format.

### Ruby bindings changes

Update the bindings for newer SWIG and re-order requires to make `irb -r rdf/redland` work (aredridel)

## Redland Bindings 1.0.1.1 Changes

### General Changes

The query demonstrations written in Perl now use the revised SPARQL syntax.

### C# bindings changes

No changes.

### Objective-C / Cocoa bindings changes

No changes.

### Perl bindings changes

Perl. Added `RDF::Redland` methods `set_log_handler` and `reset_log_handler` to get structured error messages. Prefer this to the older handler.

Perl. Added convienience Node subclasses `RDF::Redland::URINode`, `RDF::Redland::XMLLiteralNode`, `RDF::Redland::BlankNode` and `RDF::Redland::LiteralNode`

### PHP bindings changes

When returning NULL librdf_node* objects, convert them also to a PHP null.

### Python bindings changes

Serializer class gains set_namespace method.

Adjust Node, Statement class comparisons to not assume the other parameter is of the right type. Remove 'return' from constructors. (Daniel Larsson).

### Ruby bindings changes

Generate html documentation using rdoc (Nikolas Coukouma).

### Tcl bindings changes

No changes.

## Redland Bindings 1.0.0.2 Changes

### General Changes

Removed bogus C include of the ../librdf dir from all bindings build; always just use whatever `redland-config --cflags` returns.

### Perl bindings changes

Added methods for returning query results as RDF graphs, boolean results and as a syntax format such as RDF/XML for graphs, SPARQL Variable Binding Results XML Format for bindings. .

The error handling was altered for parsing methods class RDF::Redland::Model method `load`, class RDF::Redland::Parser methods `parse_into_model` and `parse_string_into_model` which now take an optional handler parameter that is a subroutine handler providing detailed log information. This can be used to capture or store detailed info on possibly multiple problems in parsing.

### PHP bindings changes

Fix for swig calling zend_rsrc_list_get_rsrc_type incorrectly. Added `PHP_MINFO_FUNCTION` to report that Redland was loaded, the version of redland and the PHP bindings.

### Python bindings changes

Change the way that redland errors and warnings are reported. There are now two choices. By default warnings are now generated immediately as a Python `PyRedland_Warning` warning. The first error generated is saved and thrown as an `PyRedland_Error` exception after the redland function returns. If multiple errors are generated, the remaining ones are left to the default redland error handler, which prints them to stderr.

The alternative is in parsing methods `model.load`, `parser.parse_into_model` and `parser.parse_string_into_model` which now take an optional handler parameter that is a subroutine handler providing detailed log information.

This change has a disadvantage in no longer allowing user-registration of callbacks but it does seem to work better with Python than the former mechanism of python calling C calling Python.

## Redland Bindings 1.0.0.1 Changes

The main changes for this release are to provide additional query results formats, in Python only at present and to synchronise with Redland 1.0.0

### C# bindings changes

Correct marshalling .NET strings to and from UTF-8 inside Redland correctly. (Edd Dumbill)

Improve and correct the destruction of internal iterator objects (Edd Dumbill)

Use HandleRef to improve the references to redland World to prevent premature destruction of redland objects. (Edd Dumbill)

See the csharp/ChangeLog in the source tree for more details of these changes.

### Objective-C / Cocoa bindings changes

This binding is for the Objective-C (Obj-C) language with the Cocoa Framework on the Apple OSX platform. It was created and is developed by René Puls who provides it at the Cocoa Bindings for Redland site

### Perl bindings changes

No changes.

### PHP bindings changes

No changes.

### Python bindings changes

Added convienience classes for making RDQL and SPARQL queries. Added methods for returning query results as RDF graphs and boolean results. Added unittests for those.

### Ruby bindings changes

Updated to rdf-redland 0.5.3.1 and made the installation work standalone from ruby gem. Fixed some test cases so the testsuite passes now.

### Tcl bindings changes

No changes.

## Redland Bindings 0.9.19.1 Changes

Redland binding's License was changed from LGPL 2.1/MPL 1.1 to LGPL 2.1/Apache 2 (except for the C# binding).

Rebuild for Redland 0.9.19

### General Changes

Fixes to lose Makefile use of `$<` syntax for better make(1) portability.

configure was updated to try harder to find Java JNI headers, looking in $JAVA_HOME, or using `--with-jdk` argument.

### C# binding changes

Assign the logging delegate to a private member to stop it being prematurely garbage collected. (Edd Dumbill)

### Perl binding changes

Rewrote `$uri=$uri->{URI}` style code to prevent premature object destruction.

Class Model: Added to_string() method.

Classes Query, QueryResults: Made documentation and examples to match the code.

### PHP binding changes

Added a typemap to provide a proper PHP ZVAL_NULL value when returning a NULL `librdf_stream*` or `librdf_iterator*` object pointer, rather than a swig-typed NULL pointer.

### Python binding changes

Rewrote `uri=uri._reduri` style code to prevent premature object destruction.

Class Model: Added method to_string.

Class Node: Documented literal language and other literal_language method dictionary keys.

## Redland Bindings 0.9.18-1 Changes

Rebuild for Redland 0.9.18 - no API changes

## Redland Bindings 0.9.17-1 Changes

This is the first release of Redland Bindings separate from Redland and includes the following changes compared to the language bindings in Redland 0.9.16

### General Changes

The main change is to split the API that Redland exports in the redland package from the language specific parts in the redland-bindings package.

For most of the language bindings, the interface between them is using the swig interface generator tool. This is now defined by the Redland.i file provided by the redland package (in binary packages inside redland-devel rpm or librdf-dev debs). This can also be found via `redland-config --swig` and then used to generate the C wrappers for the bindings. There may be need for language-specific changes which can be used via #included .i files triggered by calling swig and the C compiler with defines like `-DREDLAND_PRE_I` to #include redland-pre.i from the Redland.i.

The last paragraph does not apply to C# (Redland#) which uses the built in P/Invoke feature of the language and runtime to call the Redland functions directly.

### Packaging changes

### C# API (Redland#) Changes

This is an entirely new API for 0.9.17 originally created by Cesar Lopez Nataren. It was updated by Dave Beckett to work with the released Mono 1.0 and substantially improved by Edd Dumbill. Changes since Cesar's version are given in detail in the csharp directory ChangeLog but include:

- Namespace changed from Rdf to Redland
- Added marshalling of strings between Redland and Redland#
- Freeing of native Redland objects by implementing the C# IDisposable interface, the Dispose method
- Query and QueryResults Classes: Added for new Redland 0.9.17 librdf_query and librdf_query_results classes.
- Added strong naming of Redland.dll
- Class Model. Added methods Execute, GetContexts, GetFeature, SetFeature, Load.
- Class World. Updated to use new Redland 0.9.17 logging API especially for parsing errors and warnings
- Class Parser: ParserError for parsing exceptions
- Classes Errors, Locator, LogMessage: Added for wrapping structured error messages returned from parsing.
- Classes Node, Statement, Uri: Added Equals, operator==, operator !=
- Classes Stream and Iterator: Fixes for the IEnumerable interface
- Class Node: Added methods for types - Type, IsResource, IsLiteral, IsBlank
- Class Node: Added method Uri.
- Fixed handling of null / IntPtr.Zero in several methods

### Java API Changes

This API has not been updated for all Redland 0.9.17 changes.

Class Statement. Added equals method.

### Perl API changes

This API has been updated for all Redland 0.9.17 changes.

- Class Statement. Added equals method.
- Classes Query, QueryResults: Added for new Redland 0.9.17 librdf_query and librdf_query_results classes.
- Class Model: Added execute method.

### PHP API Changes

No changes needed as this is a bare API directly using Redland functions.

Added some PHP 4.3 compatible defines to the test program.

### Python API changes

This API has been updated for all Redland 0.9.17 changes. The main changes are as follows:

- Another attempt to return errors and warnings from parsing better.
- Class Model. Added new method load.
  Added new method execute to invoke querying on a model.
- Class NS: Copy librdf_node each time since sharing the C pointers is wrong.
- Class Parser. Method parse_string_as_stream example fixed to show the required base_uri parameter.
- Clases Query, QueryResults: Added for new Redland 0.9.17 librdf_query, librdf_query_results including unit tests (Matt Biddulph)
- Class Statement. Added equality and inequality operators.
  Added matches operator for comparing an incomplete statement with None values against a complete one
- Class TurtleParser, NTriplesParser: Added convenience classes to create parsers for the Turtle and N-Triples syntaxes.(Matt Biddulph)

### Ruby API changes

Replaced with a fuller API rdf-redland written by by Dominic Sisneros. See the rdf-redland project site.

This API has not been updated for all Redland 0.9.17 changes but may have newer version at the URI above.

Class statement. Added == operator.

### Tcl API changes

No changes needed as this is a bare API directly using Redland functions.

Copyright (C) 2004-2013 Dave Beckett
Copyright (C) 2004-2005 University of Bristol