
//====================================================
//  Setswana phoneme file
//  maitained by: Sternly K Simon
//  email: sternly_simon@yahoo.com
//====================================================

phoneme l      // use dark [l/2] before not-vowel
  liquid
  lengthmod 7

  IF nextPhW(isVowel) THEN
  ELSE
    IF prevPh(isNotVowel) THEN
      ChangePhoneme(l/)
    ELSE
      ChangePhoneme(l/2)
    ENDIF
  ENDIF

  CALL base/l
endphoneme

phoneme r-   // linking r, used in Setswana between certain vowels and a following vowel
  liquid rhotic
  ipa ɹ
  lengthmod 0

  NextVowelStarts
    VowelStart(r2/r2@)
    VowelStart(r2/r2a)
    VowelStart(r2/r2e)
    VowelStart(r2/r2i)
    VowelStart(r2/r2o)
    VowelStart(r2/r2u)
  EndSwitch

  IF prevPh(isVowel) THEN
    VowelEnding(r/xr, -60)
  ENDIF

  FMT(r/r)
endphoneme

// Default vowel definitions

phoneme @
  vowel starttype #@ endtype #@
  unstressed
  length 140
  IF nextPh(r/) THEN
    length 190
    FMT(vwl_tn/r@)
  ENDIF
  FMT(vwl_tn/@)
endphoneme  // Vowels

// VOWELS
//****************************************************************

phoneme i
  vowel starttype #i endtype #i
  length 170
  FMT(vowel/ii)
endphoneme

phoneme I
  vowel  starttype #i  endtype #i
  length 130
  IfNextVowelAppend(;)
  FMT(vwl_tn/I)
endphoneme

phoneme I2
  vowel  starttype #i  endtype #i
  unstressed
  length 130
  IfNextVowelAppend(;)
  FMT(vowel/ii_4)
endphoneme

phoneme e
  vowel starttype #e endtype #e
  length 180
  ChangeIfUnstressed(l)
  FMT(vowel/ee#_2)
endphoneme

phoneme e@    // long E
  vowel  starttype #i  endtype #@
  ipa iə
  length 230
  IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
  FMT(vdiph/i@_2)
endphoneme

phoneme E
  vowel  starttype #e  endtype #e
  unstressed
  length 140
  ChangeIfDiminished(I2)
  FMT(vowel/ee_5)
endphoneme

phoneme a
  vowel starttype #a endtype #a
  ipa a
  length 180
  FMT(vowel/a_5)
endphoneme

phoneme A@     // Used for [A:] when followed by 'r'
  vowel  starttype #a  endtype #a
  ipa ɑː
  length 230
  IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
  FMT(vowel/aa_2)
endphoneme

phoneme O     // short O
  vowel  starttype #o   endtype #o
  length 140
  FMT(vowel/oo_1)
endphoneme

phoneme o
  vowel starttype #o endtype #o
  length 180
  ChangeIfUnstressed(U)
  FMT(vowel/0_2)
endphoneme

phoneme u
  vowel starttype #u endtype #u
  length 170
  FMT(vowel/u_5)
endphoneme

phoneme U
  vowel  starttype #o  endtype #o
  length 150
  FMT(vowel/uu)
endphoneme


// Consonants
//=================================================

phoneme l
  import_phoneme en/l
endphoneme

phoneme ts
  vls alv afr sibilant
//  voicingswitch dz
  lengthmod 2
  Vowelin f1=0  f2=1700 -300 300  f3=-100 80
  Vowelout f1=0 f2=1700 -300 250  f3=-100 80  rms=20
  IF nextPh(isPause2) THEN
    WAV(ustop/ts_)
  ENDIF
  WAV(ustop/ts)
endphoneme

phoneme d       // dental variant of /d/
  import_phoneme base2/d
endphoneme

phoneme kh
  vls vel stop
  lengthmod 2
  voicingswitch g
  Vowelin f1=0  f2=2300 200 300  f3=-150 80
  Vowelout f1=0 f2=2300 300 400  f3=-150 80  rms=20
  IF nextPh(isPause2) THEN
    WAV(ustop/k_asp, 50)
  ENDIF
  IF nextPh(l) THEN
    WAV(ustop/kl)
  ENDIF
  WAV(ustop/k_asp, 90)
endphoneme

phoneme k-  // unaspirated
  vls vel stop
  lengthmod 2
  voicingswitch g
  Vowelin f1=0  f2=2300 200 300  f3=-150 80
  Vowelout f1=0 f2=2300 300 400  f3=-150 80  rms=20
  IF nextPh(isPause2) THEN
    WAV(ustop/k_unasp, 50)
  ENDIF
  WAV(ustop/k_unasp, 60)   // weaker
endphoneme

phoneme K   // Setswna tlh sound
  vls alv frc
  lengthmod 3

  NextVowelStarts
    VowelStart(l/l@)
    VowelStart(l/la)
    VowelStart(l/le)
    VowelStart(l/li, -10)
    VowelStart(l/lo)
    VowelStart(l/lu)
  EndSwitch

  IF prevPh(isVowel) THEN
    VowelEnding(l/xl, -40)
  ENDIF

  WAV(ufric/tlh, 80)
endphoneme


phoneme ph  // aspirated
  vls blb stop
  lengthmod 2
  voicingswitch b
  Vowelin  f1=0  f2=1000 -50 -100  f3=-200 80
  Vowelout f1=0  f2=1000 -500 -350  f3=-300 80 rms=30
  IF nextPh(isPause2) THEN
    WAV(ustop/p_)
  ENDIF
  IF nextPh(r) THEN
    WAV(ustop/pr)
  ENDIF
  IF nextPh(l) THEN
    WAV(ustop/pl)
  ENDIF
  WAV(ustop/p_asp)
endphoneme

phoneme r
  liquid rhotic
  trill
  lengthmod 6
  Vowelin  f1=2  f2=2700 -300 -200  f3=-1300 80  
  Vowelout f1=2  f2=1700 -300 -200  f3=-1300 80

  NextVowelStarts
    VowelStart(r/r@, -15)
    VowelStart(r/ra, -15)
    VowelStart(r/re, -15)
    VowelStart(r/ri, -15)
    VowelStart(r/ro, -15)
    VowelStart(r/ru, -15)
  EndSwitch

  IF prevPh(isVowel) THEN
    VowelEnding(r/xr, -50)
  ENDIF

  FMT(r3/r_trill) addWav(r3/r_trill3.wav, 100)
endphoneme


phoneme r/   // used for [r] when not preceding a vowel
  liquid
  lengthmod 7

  IF prevPh(@) OR prevPh(I) THEN
  ELSE
    FMT(r3/r_) addWav(r3/rx)
  ENDIF
endphoneme

phoneme t        // dental variant of /t/
  import_phoneme base2/t
endphoneme

phoneme tS
  vls pla afr sibilant
  voicingswitch dZ
  lengthmod 2
  Vowelin f1=0  f2=2300 200 400  f3=-100 80

  IF nextPh(isPause2) THEN
    WAV(ustop/tsh_)
  ENDIF
  WAV(ustop/tsh)
endphoneme

phoneme tS;
  vls pal afr sibilant palatal
  voicingswitch dZ;
  ipa tɕ
  lengthmod 2
  Vowelin f1=0  f2=2700 400 600  f3=300 80 rate len=70

  IF nextPh(isPause2) THEN
    WAV(ustop/ts_pzd)
  ENDIF
  WAV(ustop/ts_pzd)
endphoneme




