openSUSE Leap 42.3

˵

openSUSE Leap һĸ˼ʼǱԻĻ Linux ɲ
ϵͳʹƣʣƬ㹫񣬹ƵƷ
֣Ȥ

ڣ2019-06-27 42.3.20190626

1 װ
2 ϵͳ
3 
4 Ϣͷ

openSUSE Leap 42.3 άѾΪ˱ϵͳҰȫĿǰ
openSUSE 汾ڿʼ֮ǰȷӦ openSUSE Leap 42.3 ά¡

˽йĿǰ openSUSE 汾 https://zh.opensuse.org/SDB:ϵ
ͳ

һɵİ汾 openSUSE Leapǰ汾ķ˵https://
zh.opensuse.org/openSUSE:˵

й openSUSE ĿϢοhttps://www.opensuse.org

1 װ

½Ϊڰװ̵ϸָοĵ https://doc.opensuse.org/
documentation/leap/startup/html/book.opensuse.startup/part.basics.html

1.1 Сϵͳװ

Ϊ˱ⰲװĳЩϴƼСװģʽԼٲҪװ
Ƴ patterns-openSUSE-minimal_base-conflicts ģ顣

עСװĬûзǽҪ밲װ SuSEfirewall2

1.2 UEFI??ͳһչ̼ӿ

 openSUSE װʹ UEFIͳһչ̼ӿڣļǰر
һӲƼĹ̼£ңеĻ밲װĸ¡Ԥװ
Windows 8 °汾Ǳʹ UEFI һԱ־

Щ UEFI ̼⣬ᵼ UEFI 洢дʱ𻵡
ǲû綨Ϊ??

openSUSE дϵͳСݣӶ÷տ͡С
ζŸ֪ UEFI ̼ openSUSE λáĬϽ Linux ںʹ
 UEFI 洢ͱϢpstoreĹܡȻƼװӲ
Ƽκι̼¡

1.3 UEFIGPT  MS-DOS 

 EFI/UEFI 淶һµķGPTGUID ·ʹ
ȫΨһʶ128 λֵʾ 32 ʮ֣ʶ豸ͷ͡

⣬UEFI 淶Ҳͳ MBRMS-DOSLinux ELILO  GRUB2
᳢ΪЩͳʽķԶһ GUIDд뵽̼С
GUID Ƶ仯д̼дͬɣƳʹǰһ


ʽ̼ռѼɾͷڴԤĹ̼
ͷЩʱͻᵼ⡣ʹϵͳ޷

ܷܼ򵥣ͳ MBR תµ GPT ⡣

1.4 ں˵ͼջ

openSUSE Leap 42.3ϣ4.9.xں˵ͼջͨ drm-kmp-defaultеģ
ֲֲͨǰںˡͨ˵һϵͳװʱӲ
Զװ

KMPṩһƣûжظðɻع4.4.xںˡû⣬
GPUʧȥӦԳʹжٳԣ

zypper rm drm-kmp-default

1.5 ֶװ Nvidia ûı

openSUSE Leap 42.3 Уֶװ Nvidia ֮ǰҪж
drm-kmp-defaultȻʹ.runнű浵

zypper rm drm-kmp-default

㰲װ Nvidia ṩ RPM 㽫ᱻӰ죬ΪЩ
װʱԶdrm-kmp-default滻

ж Nvidia °װdrm-kmp-default

˽Ϣ https://bugzilla.suse.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1044816

2 ϵͳ

½гϵͳصע͡ϸָοĵ https://
doc.opensuse.org/documentation/leap/startup/html/book.opensuse.startup/
cha.update.osuse.html

˽Ϣ 3.1  ?õ?

2.1  openSUSE Leap 42.2 

2.1.1 Ƴ滻

 openSUSE Leap 42.2Ƴ滻

  ldapjdk 42.3 Ϲʧܡ

  libatlas3 42.3 Ϲʧܡ

  castor 42.3 Ϲʧܡ

  fontinfoûдΪһȶİ

  plasma5-mediacenter 5.7.3 汾ѱá

  perl-Mojolicious-Plugin-Bootstrap3ѱã˹ܱ 
    perl-Mojolicious-Plugin-AssetPack ȡ

  qtsharp 42.3 Ϲʧܡ

  rubygem-mysql滻Ϊ rubygem-mysql2

2.1.2 Synaptics  KDE Plasma

 openSUSE Leap 42.2 УX11 synaptics  xf86-input-synaptics
Ĭϲװģμ 2.2.4  ?Synaptics X  GNOME ¿ܻήʹ
ʹ?ȻKDE Plasma ṩһ޵ѡĿ libinput ȡ


 openSUSE Leap 42.3 У xf86-input-synaptics  KDE Plasma һװ
 plasma5-workspace Ƽ

2.1.3 KDE ı仯

 openSUSE Leap 42.3 УĬϽͨļļݡ

ļҪֶ´򿪣ʱǰ򿪣֮ǰĬ趨ᱣ
СҪ밴²裺

 1. ʹ˵ krunner á

 2. 

 3. ļ

 4. Ӧá

2.1.4 Shorewall Ѿ 5.1 汾

ǨƵ openSUSE Leap 42.3 ʱ Shorewall µ 5.1 汾ʱ 
shorewall  shorewall6 ᾯԱҪļ

ĵ http://shorewall.net/.

 1  Shorewall

 1. ڿ̨ʹ root ȨУ

    root #shorewall update -a /etc/shorewall

 2. ޷Զת뽫õΪµ﷨ֻͨҪض
    ǳӵϡ

 3. ʹķ֤Ͳ:

    root #shorewall try /etc/shorewall

    һ

    root #systemctl start network.service

ע

ע⣺ shorewall6

shorewall6  shorewall ڹ 1 ? Shorewall? еһ¡
ȻҪ shorewall 滻Ϊ shorewall6

2.1.5 SLE12 SP3GCC6汾

openSUSE Leap 42.2 ˸°汾GCC6һopenSUSE Leap 42.3
޸ṩGCC6SUSE Linux Enterprise 12 SP3汾һ¡

ѾװGCC6Ҫϵͳʱǿָ

2.2  openSUSE Leap 42.1 

2.2.1 Ƴ滻

 openSUSE Leap 42.1Ƴ滻

  arista滻Ϊ transmageddon

  cadabraԴ޷Һ汾Cadabra 2Ŀǰȶ

  dropbearƳΪ openssh ˵Ӧơ

  emerillon滻Ϊ gnome-maps

  gnome-system-log滻Ϊ gnome-logs

  hawk滻Ϊ hawk2

  ksnapshot滻Ϊ spectacle

  labplotLabplot Ѿ滻Ϊ Qt5 汾Ϊ labplot-kf5Ӱװ 
    labplot  openSUSE Leap 42.1 㽫Զ labplot-kf5

  nodejsΪ nodejs4

  psi滻Ϊ psi+

  python-moin滻Ϊ moinmoin-wikiǰ汾 ? 
    ͬƷ

  ungifsicle滻Ϊ gifsicle

  xchat滻Ϊ hexchat

2.2.2 /var/cache ڶӾ (subvolume) нпպͻع (rollback)

/var/cache а׻ӷݣ Zypper ÿθʱͬ汾 RPM 
档洢ݾд൫׻ӷ¿ռõܴ̿ռ
ܿ졣

Ϊ˽⣬ /var/cache Ƶ˵Ӿȫ°װ openSUSE Leap
42.3 ϣԶõġҪתеĸļϵͳҪִ²裺

 1. ҵĿ¼ļϵͳ豸磬 /dev/sda2  /dev/sda3

    df /

 2. ҵӾĸӾ openSUSE 13.2 ӾΪ @ҪǷ
    @ Ӿʹã

    btrfs subvolume list / | grep '@'

    Ϊգ򲻴Ϊ @ Ӿ£ʹ ID Ϊ
    5 ӾǾɰ汾 openSUSE ʹõġ

 3. ڹҪӾ

       @ Ӿ򽫴Ӿصʱصϣ

        mount <root_device> -o subvol=@ /mnt

       @ Ӿ ID Ϊ 5 Ӿ

        mount /dev/<root_device> -o subvolid=5 /mnt

 4. /mnt/var/cache ҲѾڣҿ /var/cache ͬĿ¼Ϊ˱
    ݶʧתƣ

    mv /mnt/var/cache /mnt/var/cache.old

 5. µӾ

    btrfs subvol create /mnt/var/cache

 6. ʱ /var/cache.old Ŀ¼תƵµλã

    mv /var/cache.old/* /mnt/var/cache

    ִУ

    mv /var/cache/* /mnt/var/cache/

 7. ѡ /mnt/var/cache.old ɾ

    rm -rf /mnt/var/cache.old

 8. ʱصжشӾ

    umount /mnt

 9.  /etc/fstab Ϊµ /var/cache ӾһĿѴڵӾĿΪ
    ģиơȷҪ UUID Ǹļϵͳ UUID޸Ӿ
    ص㣬ʹ /var/cache һ¡

10.  /etc/fstab õӾ

    mount /var/cache

2.2.3 GNOME Keyring  GPG 

GNOME Keyring мɵ GPG ѱƳˣGNOME Keyring ٱڹ
GPG ԿȻʹ gpg ߹ GPG Կ

2.2.4 Synaptics X  GNOME ¿ܻήʹʹ

 openSUSE Leap 42.1 УSynaptics X  xf86-input-synaptics
Ĭϰװģȼ libinput (xf86-input-libinput)

openSUSE Leap 42.3

  Synaptics X Ĭϰװ

  װ Synaptics X κδ豸ʹá

  GNOME ֧Synaptics X ζŵװֻ
    Synaptics Ϊ

ʹ Synaptics 岢Ҷ Synaptics ˴Զ
뽫ϵͳɾ

sudo zypper rm xf86-input-synaptics

2.2.5 AArch64 openSUSE Leap 42.1  openSUSE Leap 42.3 ҳС
仯

 openSUSE Leap 42.1 УAArch64 ƽ̨ĬϷҳС 64 kB openSUSE Leap
42.3 У÷ҳСΪ 4 kBɾɵ Swap  Btrfs ļϵͳȶ

Ŀǰ AArch64 ƽ̨ʹ openSUSE Leap 42.1뿼ȫ°װ openSUSE
Leap 42.3 

2.2.6 ֮ CCISS ϵͳ޷

Compaq/HP Smart ArrayCCISScciss.koĬϲ֧ĳЩ
ᵼ¸޷ openSUSE Leap 42.3 ں˼⵽

ӰϵͳϣCCISS ΪָǰΪٴμҪ
ں˲ cciss.cciss_allow_hpsa=0

3 

ⲿг˹ openSUSE Leap 42.3 ޷һ⡣

3.1 õ

ȻɱṩǼЩֻǨ
Ѿٱ£ƼʹЩһ汾ЩƳ


  lxdmάʹ lightdm

  mysql-community-server: ޷յά밲ȫ¡ƼǨ 
    mariadb

  ruby2.2-*: ʹáRuby 2.12.4

  ruby2.3-*: ʹáRuby 2.12.4

  uClibcά

ȷϰװǷάȰװ lifecycle-data-openSUSE 
ִ

zypper lifecycle

3.2 KDE ĸϢKDE PIM

KDE β֧ KDE PIM 4.xΪ˱ӰûĹ̲Ǩƣ
openSUSE Leap 42.2 KDE PIM 5 Խ䱣

 openSUSE Leap 42.3 УKDE PIM 4.x ѱҽֵ֧ KDE PIM 5


3.3 ʹ GNOME Shell ʹ GDM ʱĻ

 GNOME Shell  GDM ĵ¼ SDDM  LightDM ͬʹʱĻ
ջ֮⣬Ҳ޷ڲ˳¼лû

Ҫ GNOME Shell ʹĻĵ¼ GDM

 1. ȷ gdm Ѱװ

 2.  YaST /etc/sysconfig 

 3. ƶ Desktop ? Display manager ? DISPLAYMANAGER

 4. ıУָ gdmȷб档

 5. ϵͳ

3.4 KDE Plasma еȫֲ˵֧

KDE Plasma 5.9 УKDE  KDE 汾еȫֲ˵֧֡

 openSUSE Leap 42.3 УӦó˵ plasmoid Ҳѿá

ע

ע⣺ڷQt޷ȷִе

ʹ Qt ߰Ӧó֧ܲȫֲ˵򽫵²ȷΪ

3.5  MP3 ýļ

openSUSE Leap 42.3𣬲MP3ļĽֱɱ׼ֿṩ

ʹ gstreamer ܵĳ Rhythmbox  Totemʹøý밲װ
gstreamer-plugins-ugly 

3.6 LibreOffice ֧ Type-1 

LibreOffice 5.3֧־ʽType-1壨.afm.pfbȺ׺ļھ
û˵һĶӰ졣Ϊ嶼ѾTrueType.ttf
OpenType.otf

˱Ӱ쵽ûͨ Type-1 תֵ֧ĸʽ TrueType
ʹת塣ʹ FontForgefontforge תϣ
ͨűתԲο https://fontforge.github.io/en-US/documentation/
scripting/

4 Ϣͷ

  Ķװϵ README ĵ

   RPM лȡĳضϸ޶ʷϢ

    rpm --changelog -qp FILENAME.rpm

    ļ滻Ϊ RPM ơ

  鿴ʶĿ¼е ChangeLog ļðʱеȫʷ

  ڽϵ docu ļлȡϢ

  Ϊ鿴ӻµĵ https://doc.opensuse.org/

  Ϊ˽ openSUSE ²Ʒţ https://www.opensuse.org

Ȩ ? 2019 SUSE LLC

лʹ openSUSE

openSUSE Ŷӡ

? 2019 SUSE

