Phyciodes

Phyciodes Hübner, [1819]

Phyciodes Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (2): 29; TS: Papilio cocyta Cramer

Phiciodes; Hübner, [1826], Verz. bek. Schmett. (Anz.) (1-9): 7 (missp.); [NHM-BMW]
Phyciodes; Godman & Salvin, [1882], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 190; [P&N23]; [LepIndex]; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [NHM-BMW]
Phyciodes (Melitaeina); Zhang, Cong, Shen, Opler & Grishin, 2021, Taxonomic Rep. 9 (3): 42
Phyciodes (Melitaeini); [Wahlberg, 2023]
Phyciodes (Phyciodina); [NL4A], 256; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 386
Phyciodes (Phyciodini); Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 85, 167

Phyciodes graphica (R. Felder, 1869) Kansas - Mexico, Guatemala. See [maps]
- Eresia graphica R. Felder, 1869; Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien. 19: 470; TL: Mexico, Huahuapan
- Phyciodes graphica; [Opler, #642]; [NL4A], #2167; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 386; [MPG] ; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]
- P. g. graphica S.Mexico, Guatemala
  - Phyciodes vesta vestalis Hall, 1929; Bull. Hill Mus. 3 (suppl.): 52; TL: Guatemala
    
    = ; [NL4A], #2167a
  - Phyciodes graphica graphica; [NL4A], #2167a; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  - Phyciodes vesta graphica; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 92, 168; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
- P. g. vesta (Edwards, 1869) Texas, N.Mexico Vesta Crescentspot
  - Melitaea vesta Edwards, 1869; Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 2 (4): 371; TL: Texas, Neu Braunfields, Comal Co.
  - Phyciodes boucardi Godman & Salvin, 1878; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (1): 268; TL: Mexico, Putla
    
    = ; [NL4A], #2167b
    = Phyciodes graphica; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 386
  - Phyciodes vesta f. hiemalis Edwards, 1878; Butts N. Amer. 2: pl. 2, f. 18-19 [? 20-21]; TL: Texas
    
    = ; [NL4A], #2167b; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 386
  - Phyciodes vesta f. aestiva Edwards, 1878; Butts N. Amer. 2: pl. 2, f. 20-21 [? 18-19]; TL: Texas
    
    = ; [NL4A], #2167b; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 386
  - Phyciodes boucardi; Godman & Salvin, [1882], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 194, 3: pl. 21, f. 16-17; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 678 (gen. 2); Röber, 1913, in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 5: 437, pl. 89 row e, f. 8-9
  - Phyciodes graphica vesta; [NL4A], #2167b; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 386; [BOA]
  - Phyciodes vesta boucardi; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 20
  - Phyciodes vesta vesta; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 92, 168, f. 11, 217-218
  - Phyciodes vesta; Godman & Salvin, [1882], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 195; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 678; Röber, 1913, in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 5: 436, pl. 89 row c, f. 5; Hall, 1929, Bull. Hill Mus. 3 (suppl.): 50; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 20; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 92, 168, f. 11, 217-218; [NACL], #4485; [NAB], 577; [BOW]: pl. 14, f. 19; Holland, 1947, The Butterfly Book: 136, pl. 17, f. 17-19; Bauer, 1975, Butterflies of North America: 142, pl. 45, f. 14; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
  - ?Phyciodes vesta; Forbes, 1944
  Misidentified/misapplied:
  
  Phyciodes vesta vesta (= Phyciodes graphica graphica); Hall, 1929, Bull. Hill Mus. 3 (suppl.): 51 (part)
  Larva on Siphonoglossa pilosella [NAB]
Phyciodes picta (Edwards, 1865) -. See [maps] Painted Crescentspot
- Melitaea picta Edwards, 1865; Proc. ent. Soc. Philad. 4: 201; TL: Nebraska, North Platte, Lincoln Co.
- Phyciodes picta; Godman & Salvin, [1882], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 193, 3: pl. 21, f. 4-5; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 678; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 21; [BOW]: pl. 14, f. 9; [NAB], 576; [Opler, #643.]; [NL4A], #2171; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 386; [MPG] ; [P&N23]; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]
- Phyciodes pictus; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 90, f. 9, 213-214; [NACL], #4484
Larva on Aster [NAB]
- P. p. picta from (Arizona?, Nebraska, Kansas - New Mexico) - N.Mexico (N.Sonora)
  - Phyciodes picta picta; Hall, 1929, Bull. Hill Mus. 3 (suppl.): 49; Forbes, 1945, Entomologica am. 24: 154-155, 189; Brown, 1966, Trans. Am. ent. Soc. 92: 455; Bauer, 1975, Butterflies of North America: 146, pl. 44, f. 11; [NL4A], #2171a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 386; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  - Phyciodes picta; Röber, 1913, in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 5: 437, pl. 89 row e, f. 4-5; Comstock, 1927, Butterflies of California: 118; Holland, 1947, The Butterfly Book: 139, pl. 17, f. 20-21
  - Phyciodes pictus pictus; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 90, 168, f. 9, 213
- P. p. canace Edwards, 1871 Arizona, ?
  - Phyciodes canace Edwards, 1871; Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 3 (3/4): 206; TL: Arizona, nr Tucson, Pima Co.
    
    = Phyciodes pictus pictus Edwards, 1865; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 91
  - Phyciodes picta ab. jemezensis Brehme, 1913; Ent. News 24 (5): 194, pl. 7, f. 7-8; TL: New Mexico, Jemez Springs
    
    = Phyciodes picta picta; [NL4A], #2171a
    = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 386
  - Phyciodes picta canace; Brown, 1966, Trans. Am. ent. Soc. 92: 457; Bauer, 1975, Butterflies of North America: 147, pl. 16, f. 11; [NL4A], #2171b; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 386; [P&N23]; [LepIndex]; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  - Phyciodes pictus canace; [NACL], 60
Phyciodes pallescens (R. Felder, 1869) Mexico. See [maps]
- Eresia pallescens R. Felder, 1869; Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien. 19: 469; TL: Mexico, Puebla region of Cuernavaca
- Phyciodes pallescens; Godman & Salvin, [1882], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 195, 3: pl. 21, f. 18-19; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 678; Röber, 1913, in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 5: 437, pl. 89 row f, f. 10; [NL4A], #2169; [MPG] ; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]
- Phyciodes picta pallescens; Hall, 1929, Bull. Hill Mus. 3 (suppl.): 50; Forbes, 1945, Entomologica am. 24: 154; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
- Phyciodes pictus pallescens; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 91, 168, f. 214
Phyciodes orseis Edwards, 1871 Washington - California. See [maps] California Crescent Orseis Crescent
- Phyciodes orseis Edwards, 1871; Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 3 (3/4): 206; TL: California, Napa Co., Mt. St. Helena
- Phyciode pratensis orseis; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 20
- Phyciodes orseis orseis; Bauer, 1975, Butterflies of North America: 147, pl. 43, f. 6
- Phyciodes orseis; Godman & Salvin, [1882], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 193; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 678; Röber, 1913, in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 5: 436, pl. 89 row d, f. 5; Comstock, 1927, Butterflies of California: 117, pl. 39, f. 9-12; Hall, 1929, Bull. Hill Mus. 3 (suppl.): 48; Forbes, 1945, Entomologica am. 24: 153, 155, 189; Holland, 1947, The Butterfly Book: 137, pl. 17, f. 31; Scott, 1974, J. Res. Lepid. 12: 236-242; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 90, 168, f. 212; [NACL], #4486; [NAB], 582; [Opler, #644]; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 387; [MPG] ; [P&N23]; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]
Misidentified/misapplied:
- Phyciodes orseis (= Phyciodes pulchella pulchella); Godman & Salvin, [1882], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 193
Larva on Cirsium [NAB]
- P. o. orseis
  - Phyciodes orseis tr.f. edwardsi Gunder, 1927; Ent. News. 38 (5): 135, pl. 2, f. 5; TL: California
    
    = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 387
  - Phyciodes orseis orseis; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 387; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
- P. o. herlani Bauer, 1975 California, Nevada (Douglas Co.)
  - Phyciodes (Phyciodes) orseis herlani Bauer, 1975; Butterflies of North America: 148, pl. 45, f. 9-10; TL: Nevada, Glenbrook Creek, Douglas Co.
  - Phyciodes herlani; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 90, 168; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
  - Phyciodes orseis herlani; [NACL], #4486a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 387; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
Phyciodes pallida (Edwards, 1864) SW.Canada, Washington - Colorado, Arizona. See [maps] Pallid Crescentspot Pallid Crescent
- Melitaea pallida Edwards, 1864; Proc. ent. Soc. Philad. 2 (4): 505; TL: Colorado, Flagstaff Mt., Boulder Co.
- Phyciodes camilla pallida; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 20
- Phyciodes mylitta pallida; Brown, 1966, Trans. Am. ent. Soc. 92: 443
- Phyciodes pallida pallida; Tilden, [1970], J. Res. Lepid. 8 (3): 96; Bauer, 1975, Butterflies of North America: 148, pl. 44, f. 5
- Phyciodes pallida; [NAB], 579; [Opler, #645]; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 387; [MPG] ; [P&N23]; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]
- Phyciodes pallidus; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 89, 168, f. 8; [NACL], #4487
Larva on Cirsium [NAB]
- P. p. pallida Colorado
  - Eresia mata Reakirt, 1866; Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. 6 (1): 142; TL: Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory
    
    = Phyciodes pallidus; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 89
    = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 387
  - Phyciodes camilla mata; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 20
  - Phyciodes pallida pallida; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 387; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
- P. p. barnesi Skinner, 1897 Colorado
  - Phyciodes barnesi Skinner, 1897; Can. Ent. 29 (6): 154; TL: Colorado, Glenwood Springs
  - Phyciodes barnesi; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 21; Röber, 1913, in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 5: 436, pl. 89 row e [f. 2]; Holland, 1947, The Butterfly Book: 138, pl. 18, f. 5 (type)
  - Phyciodes mylitta barnesi; Hall, 1928, Bull. Hill Mus. 2 (suppl.): 43
  - Phyciodes pallida barnesi; Tilden, [1970], J. Res. Lepid. 8 (3): 96; Bauer, 1975, Butterflies of North America: 149, pl. 43, f. 7, pl. 78, f. 6; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 387; [P&N23]; [LepIndex]; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  - Phyciodes pallidus barnesi; [NACL], #4487a

Phyciodes mylitta (Edwards, 1861)

-. See [maps] Mylitta Crescent Mylitta Crescenspot

Melitaea mylitta Edwards, 1861; Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. 13: 160; TL: California, Stanya Hill, San Francisco

Phyciodes mylitta; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 678; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 20; [NACL], #4488; [NAB], 579; [BOW]: pl. 14, f. 17; [Opler, #646]; [NL4A], #2168; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 387; [MPG] ; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]
Phyciodes mylittus; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 88, f. 6-7, 209-211

600x843 (~64Kb) upperside USA: Dry Falls / Sun Lakes State Park, Grant Co., WA, 9.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela	520x675 (~42Kb) underside USA: Dry Falls / Sun Lakes State Park, Grant Co., WA, 9.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela	500x613 (~47Kb) USA: nr Crystal Mountain (47°13'26N 120°40'11W), Kittitas Co., WA, 11.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela
570x677 (~53Kb) USA: nr Crystal Mountain (47°13'26N 120°40'11W), Kittitas Co., WA, 11.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela	1024x768 (~130Kb) Powells Butte, Portland, Oregon, USA, 9-91, Photo © S. Shuichi Haupt

Larva on Cirsium , Silybum marianum, Carduus pycnocephalus [NAB]

P. m. mylitta from (British Columbia - California) - east to foot hills of Rocky Mountains (Montana, Colorado)
- Melitaea collina Behr, 1863; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 3 (1): 86; TL: California, near San Francisco; hills of Contra Costa
  - = ; [NL4A], #2168a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 387
- Melitaea epula Boisduval, 1869; Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 12: 54; TL: California, "interior"
  - = ; [NL4A], #2168a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 387
- Phyciodes mylitta tr.f. collinsi Gunder, 1930; Bull. South. Calif. Acad. Sci. 29 (2): 63; TL: California, Collin's Ranch, Voltair
  - = ; [NL4A], #2168a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 387
- Phyciodes mylitta ab. macyi Fender, 1930; Ent. News 41: 182; TL: Orgon, McMinnville
  - = ; [NL4A], #2168a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 387
- Melitaea callina[sic]; Boisduval, 1869, Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 12: 54 (missp.?)
- Phyciodes mylitta mylitta; Hall, 1928, Bull. Hill Mus. 2 (suppl.): 42; Bauer, 1975, Butterflies of North America: 149, pl. 16, f. 9-10; [NL4A], #2168a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 387; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
- Phyciodes mylitta; Röber, 1913, in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 5: 437, pl. 89 row e [f. 1]; Comstock, 1927, Butterflies of California: 117, pl. 39, f. 13-15; Forbes, 1945, Entomologica am. 24: 153, 189; Holland, 1947, The Butterfly Book: 138, pl. 17, f. 40-41; Tilden, [1970], J. Res. Lepid. 8 (3): 97
- Phyciodes mylittus mylittus; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 88, 168, f. 6, 209-211
P. m. thebais Godman & Salvin, 1878 W.Mexico, Guatemala
- Phyciodes thebais Godman & Salvin, 1878; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (1): 267; TL: Mexico, Mountains of Oaxaca
- Phyciodes mylitta thebais; Hall, 1928, Bull. Hill Mus. 2 (suppl.): 44; Bauer, 1975, Butterflies of North America: 150; [NL4A], #2168e; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
- Phyciodes mylittus thebais; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 168 (name)
- Phyciodes thebais; Godman & Salvin, [1882], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 194, 3: pl. 21, f. 13-15; Röber, 1913, in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 5: 436
Misidentified/misapplied:
- ?Phyciodes thebais (= Phyciodes graphica vesta); Holland, 1947, The Butterfly Book: 137, pl. 59, f. 22
P. m. arizonensis Bauer, 1975 Arizona
- Phyciodes mylitta arizonensis Bauer, 1975; Butterflies of North America: 149, pl. 43, f. 8; TL: central & south-eastern Arizona; New Mexico; Sonora; south-western Colorado
- Phyciodes mylitta arizonensis; [NACL], #4488a; [NL4A], #2168c; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 388; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
P. m. arida (Skinner, 1917) Arizona?
- Melitaea arida Skinner, 1917; Ent. News 28 (7): 328; TL: Arizona, Cochise Co. [Error?]
  - = Phyciodes vesta vesta; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 92
- Phyciodes mylitta arida; [NL4A], #2168b
- Phyciodes vesta arida; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
P. m. mexicana Hall, 1928 E.Mexico
- Phyciodes mylitta mexicana Hall, 1928; Bull. Hill Mus. 2 (suppl.): 44; TL: Mexico, Jalapa
- Phyciodes mylitta mexicana; [NL4A], #2168d; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
- Phyciodes mylittus mexicanus; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 89, 168

Phyciodes phaon (Edwards, 1864) S.USA, Mexico, Cayman Islands, Guatemala, British Honduras, Cuba. See [maps] Phaon Crescentspot
- Melitaea phaon Edwards, 1864; Proc. ent. Soc. Philad. 2 (4): 505; TL: USA, Georgia, St. Simon's Island, Glynn Co.
- ?gorgone Hübner, 1810; (female)
- Phyciodes phaon; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 677; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 20; Röber, 1913, in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 5: 436, pl. 89 row c, f. 7-8; Comstock, 1927, Butterflies of California: 116, pl. 39, f. 1-3; Holland, 1947, The Butterfly Book: 137, pl. 17, f. 22-23; Bauer, 1975, Butterflies of North America: 143, pl. 44, f. 7; Riley, 1975, Field Guide butts West Indies: 79, pl. 12, f. 18; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 91, 168, f. 10, 215-216; [NACL], #4480; [NAB], 572; [BOW]: pl. 14, f. 10; [Opler, #647]; [NL4A], #2170; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 388; [MPG] ; [P&N23]; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]
637x559 (~49Kb) USA: Alabama, 10.9.2000, Photo © Vitaly Charny

Larva on Lippia nodiflora, L. lanceolata [NAB]
- P. p. phaon NA.Georgia, Texas, California
  - Phyciodes phaon f. 'hiemalis' Edwards, 1878; Butts N. Amer. 2: pl. 2, f. 14-15; TL: Georgia
    
    = ; [NL4A], #2170a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 388
  - Phyciodes phaon f. 'aestiva' Edwards, 1878; Butts N. Amer. 2: pl. 2, f. 16-17; TL: Georgia
    
    = ; [NL4A], #2170a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 388
  - Phyciodes gorgone tr.f. nox Gunder, 1928; Can. Ent. 60 (7): 167, pl. B, f. 17, 17a; TL: Texas
    
    = ; [NL4A], #2170a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 388
  - Phyciodes phaon phaon; Hall, 1928, Bull. Hill Mus. 2 (suppl.): 40; [NL4A], #2170a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 388; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  - Phyciodes phaon phaon f. 'aestiva; Hall, 1928, Bull. Hill Mus. 2 (suppl.): 40
  - Phyciodes phaon f. 'aestiva'; Brown, 1966, Trans. Am. ent. Soc. 92: 464
  - Phyciodes phaon f. 'hiemalis'; Forbes, 1945, Entomologica am. 24: 154; Brown, 1966, Trans. Am. ent. Soc. 92: 464
  - Phyciodes phaon f. phaon; Forbes, 1945, Entomologica am. 24: 154
- P. p. maya Hall, 1928 Guatemala
  - Phyciodes phaon maya Hall, 1928; Bull. Hill Mus. 2 (suppl.): 41; TL: Guatemala, Lake Amatitlan, 3800ft
    
    = Phyciodes phaon; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 91
  - Phyciodes phaon maya; [NL4A], #2170c; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
- P. p. jalapeno Scott, 1998 Arizona
  - Phyciodes (Phyciodes) phaon jalapeno Scott, 1998; Papilio (n.s.) 10: 30; TL: Mesa, Maricopa Co., Arizona
  - Phyciodes gorgone tr.f. thornei Gunder, 1934; Can. Ent. 66 (6): 130; TL: Chula Vista, San Diego Co., California
    
    = Phyciodes phaon phaon; [NL4A], #2170a
    = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 388
  - Phyciodes jalapeno; [MPG] ; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist]
  - Phyciodes phaon jalapeno; [NL4A], #2170b; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 388

Phyciodes tharos (Drury, [1773])

Mexico. See [maps] Pearly Crescentspot

Papilio tharos Drury, [1773]; Illust. Nat. Hist. Exot. Insects 1: index, 43, pl. 21, f. 5, 6; TL: near New York City

Melitaea pharos[sic, tharos]; Harris, 1862, Treatise Ins. injur. Veget. (3rd edn): 289, f. 116-117
Melitaea tharos; Boisduval & Leconte, 1833, Hist. Lép. Am. Sept. (11-22): 170, pl. 47, f. 3-4
Phyciodes tharos; Godman & Salvin, [1882], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 193; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 20; Röber, 1913, in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 5: 436, pl. 89 row d, f. 1-2; Forbes, 1945, Entomologica am. 24: 154, 189; Holland, 1947, The Butterfly Book: 135, pl. 18, f. 1-4, pl. 5, f. 20-22; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 85, 167, f. 178-182, 186-192; [NACL], #4481; [NAB], 573; [EBW]; [BOW]: pl. 14, f. 18; [Opler, #648]; [NL4A], #2173; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 388; [MPG] ; [P&N23]; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]

Misidentified/misapplied:

Melitaea tharos (= Phyciodes batesii); Boisduval & Leconte, 1833, Hist. Lép. Am. Sept. (11-22): pl. 47, f. 5

1106x1184 (~168Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 22.6.2003, Photo © Vitaly Charny	920x737 (~81Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 29.6.2003, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1406x1073 (~213Kb) upperside USA: Alabama, 26.7.2003, Photo © Vitaly Charny
1370x971 (~169Kb) upperside USA: Alabama, 10.6.2004, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1158x967 (~163Kb) upperside USA: Alabama, 17.9.2004, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1183x893 (~124Kb) ♂ ♀ USA: Alabama, 21.4.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny
1630x1094 (~285Kb) upperside USA: Alabama, 5.5.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1194x1305 (~125Kb) upperside USA: Alabama, 25.6.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny	846x1030 (~82Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 24.7.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny
750x1009 (~83Kb) USA: Alabama, 10.9.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1671x1204 (~157Kb) upperside USA: Alabama, 27.5.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny

Larva on Aster [NAB]

P. t. tharos New York, West Virginia, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, California, ...
- Papilio euclea Bergsträsser, 1780; Nomen. Ins. 4: 23, pl. 79, f. 1-2; TL: near New York City
  - = ; [NL4A], #2173a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 388
- Argynnis tharossa Godart, 1819; Encyclopédie Méthodique 9 (1): 289 (repl. name); TL: [New York]
  - = ; [NL4A], #2173a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 388
- Melitaea packardii Saunders, 1869; Guide Study Ins.: 256; TL: Canada
  - = ; [NL4A], #2173a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 388
- Phyciodes tharos distincta Bauer, 1975; Butterflies of North America: 144; TL: California, Calexico, Imperial Co.
  - = ; [NL4A], #2173a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 389
- Phyciodes tharos distinctus; [NACL], #4481a
- Phyciodes tharos tharos; Hall, 1928, Bull. Hill Mus. 2 (suppl.): 35; Klots, 1951, A field guide butts N. America, E Great Plains: 101, pl. 6, f. 11, pl. 13, f. 14; Bauer, 1975, Butterflies of North America: 144, pl. 44, f. 6-8; [NL4A], #2173a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 388; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
P. t. riocolorado Scott, 1992 Utah
- Phyciodes tharos riocolorado Scott, 1992; Papilio (n.s.) 6: 44; TL: wetland at Moab, Grand Co., Utah
- Phyciodes tharos riocolorado; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 389; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
P. t. orantain Scott, 1998 Colorado
- Phyciodes (Phyciodes) tharos orantain Scott, 1998; Papilio (n.s.) 10: 8; TL: Barr Lake, Adams Co., Colorado
- Phyciodes orantain; [MPG] ; [P&N23]
- Phyciodes tharos orantain; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 389; [iNaturalist]

Phyciodes cocyta (Cramer, [1777])

-. See [maps] Northern Crescent

Papilio cocyta Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 7, pl. 101, f. A, B; TL: Cape Breton, Nova Scotia

Phyciodes cocyta apache; [P&N23]
Phyciodes cocyta; [Opler, #649]; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 389; [MPG] ; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]

1100x1277 (~139Kb) ♂ USA: Washington, Chelan Co., LepSoc 2010 Field Trip (Hwy 2 crossing Wenatchee River), 11.7.2010, Photo © Markku Savela

1000x895 (~84Kb) ♂ underside USA: Washington, Chelan Co., LepSoc 2010 Field Trip (Hwy 2 crossing Wenatchee River), 11.7.2010, Photo © Markku Savela

P. c. cocyta
- Papilio morpheus Fabricius, 1775; Syst. Ent.: 530; TL: "in America boreali"
  - = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 389
- ?morphea Godart
- Phyciodes tharos arctica dos Passos, 1935; Can. Ent. 67 (4): 87; TL: Table Mt., Port au Port, Newfoundland
  - = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 389
- Phyciodes cocyta cocyta; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 389; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
- Phyciodes tharos arctica; Forbes, 1945, Entomologica am. 24: 155; Klots, 1951, A field guide butts N. America, E Great Plains: 101; Bauer, 1975, Butterflies of North America: 144
- Phyciodes tharos arcticus; [NACL], #4481c
- Phyciodes tharos morpheus; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 20
P. c. selenis (Kirby, 1837) Saskatchewan
- Melitaea selenis Kirby, 1837; in Richardson, Fauna Boreal Amer.: 289; TL: Cumberland House, Saskatchewan
  - = Phyciodes tharos; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 86; [NACL], #4481
- Melitaea marcia Edwards, [1869]; Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 2 (2): 207; TL: New York, Hunter, Greene Co. [?West Virginia]
  - = Phyciodes tharos tharos; [NL4A], #2173a
  - = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 389
- Phyciodes tharos f. reaghi Reiff, 1913; Ent. News 24 (7): 305, pl. 10, f. 1-2; TL: Massachusetts, Franklin
  - = Phyciodes tharos tharos; [NL4A], #2173a
  - = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 389
- Phyciodes tharos pascoensis f.vern. herse Hall, 1924; J. N.Y. ent. Soc. 32: 110; TL: British Colombia, Taft
  - = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 389
- Phyciodes tharos pascoensis f.ab. nigrescens Hall, 1924; J. N.Y. ent. Soc. 32: 110; TL: British Colombia, Taft
  - = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 389
- Phyciodes tharos tr.f. dyari Gunder, 1928; Can. Ent. 60 (7): 167, f. 18; TL: New Hampshire, Webster
  - = Phyciodes tharos tharos; [NL4A], #2173a
  - = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 390
- Phyciodes campestris tr.f. mcdunnoughi Gunder, 1928; Can. Ent. 60 (7): 167, pl. B, f. 19, 19a; TL: [Canada]
  - = Phyciodes pulchella pulchella; [NL4A], #2172a
  - = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 390
- Phyciodes cocyta selenis; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 389; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
- ?Phyciodes tharos f.t. marcia; Hall, 1928, Bull. Hill Mus. 2 (suppl.): 37
P. c. pascoensis Wright, 1905 Washington, British Columbia
- Phyciodes pascoensis Wright, 1905; Butts. West Coast US: 165, pl. 21, f. 198; TL: E.Washington, Pasco
- Phyciodes cocyta pascoensis; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 390; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
- Phyciodes tharos pascoensis; Bauer, 1975, Butterflies of North America: 144, pl. 77, f. 9-10; [NACL], #4481b
P. c. diminutor Scott, 1998 Minnesota
- Phyciodes (Phyciodes) cocyta diminutor Scott, 1998; Papilio (n.s.) 10: 13; TL: NE Conger, Freeborn Co., Minnesota
- Phyciodes cocyta diminutor; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 390
- Phyciodes diminutor; [MPG] ; [P&N23]
P. c. arenacolor Austin, 1998 Nevada
- Phyciodes pascoensis arenacolor Austin, 1998; Syst. W. N. Am. Butts. (46): 577; TL: Nevada, White Pine Co.; Steptoe Valley, Warm Springs, 1798m
- Phyciodes cocyta arenacolor; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 390; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
P. c. incognitus Gatrelle, 2004 NA.Georgia
- Phyciodes incognitus Gatrelle, 2004; Taxonomic Rep. 4 (8): 17; TL: Georgia, Union Co., Duncan Ridge Rd
- Phyciodes cocyta incognitus; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 390; [iNaturalist]
- Phyciodes incognitus; [MPG] ; [P&N23]; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]

Phyciodes batesii (Reakirt, [1866]) from (Ontario, Quebec) - to (Virginia, Nebraska), New Jersey. See [maps] Tawny Crescentspot
- Eresia batesii Reakirt, [1866]; Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. 5 (2): 226; TL: Virginia, Winchester; New Jersey, Gloucester
- Phyciodes batesii apsalookae; [iNaturalist]
- Phyciodes batesii; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 20; Röber, 1913, in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 5: 436, pl. 89 row d [f. 5]; Hall, 1928, Bull. Hill Mus. 2 (suppl.): 38; Forbes, 1945, Entomologica am. 24: 154, 189; Holland, 1947, The Butterfly Book: 136, pl. 17, f. 35-36; Klots, 1951, A field guide butts N. America, E Great Plains: 100, pl. 13, f. 12; Bauer, 1975, Butterflies of North America: 145, pl. 44, f. 9; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 86, 167, f. 2, 193; [NACL], #4482; [NAB], 574; [Opler, #650]; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 390; [MPG] ; [P&N23]; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]
Larva on Aster undulatus [NAB]
- P. b. batesii Virginia
  - Phyciodes batesii tr.f. harperi Gunder, 1932; Can. Ent. 64 (12): 283; TL: Manitoba, McCreary
    
    = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 391
  - Phyciodes batesii batesii; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 390; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
- P. b. lakota Scott, 1994 Nebraska
  - Phyciodes (Phyciodes) batesii lakota Scott, 1994; Papilio (n.s.) 7: 50; TL: Pine Ridge, Sioux Co., Nebraska
  - Phyciodes batesii lakota; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 390; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
- P. b. apsaalooke Scott, 1994 Wyoming
  - Phyciodes (Phyciodes) batesii apsaalooke Scott, 1994; Papilio (n.s.) 7: 56; TL: W Hidden Basin Cgd., Bighorn Co., Wyoming
  - Phyciodes anasazi apsaalooke; [P&N23]
  - Phyciodes batesii apsaalooke; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 390
- P. b. anasazi Scott, 1994 Colorado
  - Phyciodes (Phyciodes) batesii anasazi Scott, 1994; Papilio (n.s.) 7: 61; TL: nr Gateway, Mesa Co., Colorado
  - Phyciodes anasazi anasazi; [P&N23]
  - Phyciodes anasazi; [MPG] ; [P&N23]
  - Phyciodes batesii anasazi; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 390; [iNaturalist]
- P. b. maconensis Gatrelle, 1998 North Carolina
  - Phyciodes batesii maconensis Gatrelle, 1998; Taxonomic Rep. 1 (3): 4; TL: Jones Knob, 4100', Macon Co., North Carolina
  - Phyciodes batesii maconensis; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 391; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
- P. b. saskatchewan Scott, 2006 Alberta
  - Phyciodes batesii saskatchewan Scott, 2006; Papilio (n.s.) 13: 22; TL: Halfway Lake, Alberta
  - Phyciodes batesii saskatchewan; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 390; [P&N23]; [BOA]

Phyciodes pulchella (Boisduval, 1852)

-. See [maps]

Melitaea pulchella Boisduval, 1852; Ann. Soc. ent. Fr. (2) 10 (2): 306; TL: [? New York] ("California")
- = Phyciodes tharos; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 86; [NACL], #4481

Phyciodes pulchella; [Opler, #651]; [NL4A], #2172; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 391; [MPG] ; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA] ; [BOA] ; [BOA] ; [BOA] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]
Phyciodes pulchellus;

1000x834 (~115Kb) upperside USA: Utah, Uintah Co., Ashley National Park, start of FR-020 (40°40'35"N 109°29'14"W), 1.8.2012, Photo © Markku Savela

1000x923 (~95Kb) underside USA: Utah, Uintah Co., Ashley National Park, start of FR-020 (40°40'35"N 109°29'14"W), 1.8.2012, Photo © Markku Savela

P. p. pulchella California, ... Field Crescent
- Melitaea pratensis Behr, 1863; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 3 (1): 86; TL: California, near San Francisco
  - = ; [NL4A], #2172a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 391
- Melitaea campestris Behr, 1863; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 3 (1): 86; TL: California
  - = ; [NL4A], #2172a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 391
- Eresia campestris; Reakirt, 1866, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. 6 (1): 142
- Phyciodes campestris campestris; Hall, 1929, Bull. Hill Mus. 3 (suppl.): 46; Forbes, 1945, Entomologica am. 24: 154-155, 189 (part); Bauer, 1975, Butterflies of North America: 145, pl. 44, f. 10, 12; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 87, 167, f. 4, 194-199
- Phyciodes campestris; Comstock, 1927, Butterflies of California: 116, pl. 39, f. 4-6; Holland, 1947, The Butterfly Book: 137, pl. 17, f. 37-38; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 87, f. 4-5, 194-202; [NACL], #4483; [NAB], 575; [EBW]; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [LEPIFORUM]
- Phyciodes pratensis; Röber, 1913, in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 5: 436, pl. 89 row d [f. 3-4]
- Phyciodes pulchella pulchella; [NL4A], #2172a; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 391; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
- ?Phyciodes pratensis; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 20
Larva on (as campestris) Aster , Machaeranthera [NAB]
P. p. montana (Behr, 1863) California (Sierra Nevada)
- Melitaea montana Behr, 1863; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 3 (1): 85; TL: California, Los Angeles; headwaters of Tuolumme River; Yosemite Valley
- Melitaea orsa Boisduval, 1869; Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 12: 55; TL: California, "Interior"
  - = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 391
- Melitaea orsa; [iNaturalist]
- Phyciodes campestris montanus; Forbes, 1945, Entomologica am. 24: 155, 189; dos Passos, 1964, Lepid. Soc. Mem. 1:; [NACL], #4483a
- Phyciodes montana; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 21; Röber, 1913, in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 5: 437, pl. 89 row e [f. 3]; Comstock, 1927, Butterflies of California: 116, pl. 39, f. 7-8; Hall, 1929, Bull. Hill Mus. 3 (suppl.): 45; Holland, 1947, The Butterfly Book: 138, pl. 17, f. 26-27; [BOW]: pl. 14, f. 15; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
- Phyciodes montanus; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 88, 168, f. 3, 203-208
- Phyciodes pulchella montana; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 391; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
P. p. camillus Edwards, 1871 Colorado, California
- Phyciodes camillus Edwards, 1871; Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 3: 268; TL: Colorado, Denver, Denver Co.
- Phyciodes emissa Edwards, 1871; Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 3: 269; TL: Colorado
  - = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 392
- Phyciodes camillus ab. rohweri Cockerell, 1913; Entomologist 46: 308, f. 1; TL: Colorado, North Boulder Creek, Boulder Co., Canadian Zone
  - = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 392
- Phyciodes camillus ab. tristis Cockerell, 1913; Entomologist 46: 308, f. 2; TL: Colorado, Jum Creek, Boulder Co.
  - = ; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 392
- Phyciodes campestris tr.f. mcdunnoughi Gunder, 1928; Can. Ent. 60 (7): 167, f. 19, 19a; TL: "T.N.W., Olds?" [?Canada]
- macdunnoughi dos Passos, 1965; (emend.)
- Phyciodes camillus emissa; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 20
- Phyciodes camillus; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 20; Röber, 1913, in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 5: 437, pl. 89 row d [f. 7-8]; Holland, 1947, The Butterfly Book: 138, pl. 17, f. 32-34; Klots, 1951, A field guide butts N. America, E Great Plains: 99, pl. 12, f. 5; [BOW]: pl. 14, f. 13
- Phyciodes campestris camillus; Hall, 1929, Bull. Hill Mus. 3 (suppl.): 47; Forbes, 1945, Entomologica am. 24: 155; Bauer, 1975, Butterflies of North America: 146, pl. 78, f. 5; Higgins, 1981, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3): 87, 168, f. 5, 200-202; [NACL], #4483b; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
- Phyciodes pulchella camillus; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 392; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
P. p. tutchone Scott, 1994 SW.Yukon
- Phyciodes (Phyciodes) pulchella tutchone Scott, 1994; Papilio (n.s.) 7: 75; TL: Nickel Creek, 4000ft, SW Yukon
- Phyciodes pulchella tutchone; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 391; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
P. p. shoshoni Scott, 1994 Nevada
- Phyciodes (Phyciodes) pulchella shoshoni Scott, 1994; Papilio (n.s.) 7: 76; TL: along Humboldt River nr Battle Mtn, Elko Co., Nevada
- Phyciodes pulchella shoshoni; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 392; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
P. p. deltarufa Scott, 1998 California
- Phyciodes (Phyciodes) pulchella deltarufa Scott, 1998; Papilio (n.s.) 10: 25; TL: Willow Slough N of Davis, Yolo Co., California
- Phyciodes pulchella deltarufa; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 391; [P&N23]; [BOA]
P. p. owimba Scott, 1998 Montana
- Phyciodes (Phyciodes) pulchella owimba Scott, 1998; Papilio (n.s.) 10: 26; TL: Pattee Canyon, 3500', Missoula Co., Montana
- Phyciodes pulchella owimba; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 391; [P&N23]; [BOA]
P. p. inornatus Austin, 1998 Nevada
- Phyciodes pulchella inornatus Austin, 1998; Syst. W. N. Am. Butts. (61): 739; TL: Nevada, Pershing Co.
- Phyciodes pulchella inornatus; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 392; [P&N23]; [BOA]
P. p. vallis Austin, 1998 Nevada
- Phyciodes pulchella vallis Austin, 1998; Syst. W. N. Am. Butts. (61): 740; TL: Nevada, Lyon Co.
- Phyciodes pulchella vallis; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 392; [P&N23]; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
P. p. sacramento Scott, 2006 New Mexico
- Phyciodes pulchella sacramento Scott, 2006; Papilio (n.s.) 13: 27; TL: 1 mi. E Cloudcroft, Sacramento Mts, Otero Co., New Mexico
- Phyciodes pulchella sacramento; Pelham, 2008, J. Res. Lepid. 40: 392

Unmatched external taxa

Phyciodes anasazi; [BOA]
Phyciodes anasazi anasazi; [BOA]
Phyciodes anasazi apsaalooke; [BOA]
Phyciodes diminutor; [BOA]
Phyciodes jalapeno; [BOA]
Phyciodes orantain; [BOA]

Unknown or unplaced taxa

Phyciodes palia Lewis, 1973; (nom. nud.)

Phyciodes palia; [BOW]: pl. 41, f. 25 (text only)
palia; [NL4A], 257

30.5.2023 (11)

References:

[BAMONA] Opler, Pavulaan, Stanford & Pogue
Butterflies and Moths of North America; Mountain Prairie Information Node
[BCA] electronic
BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA
[BOA] Interactive Listing of American Butterflies
Listado Interactivo de la Mariposas Americanas; Butterflies of America
[CoL] Catalogue of Life
Bánki, O., Roskov, Y., Döring, M., Ower, G., Hernández Robles, D. R., Plata Corredor, C. A., Stjernegaard Jeppesen, T., Örn, A., Vandepitte, L., Hobern, D., Schalk, P., DeWalt, R. E., Ma, K., Miller, J., Orrell, T., Aalbu, R., Abbott, J., Adlard, R., Aedo, C., et al. (2024). Catalogue of Life Checklist (Version 2024-03-26); https://doi.org/10.48580/dfz8d
[HBN] Francis Hemming, 1937
HÜBNER, A bibliographical and systematic account of the entomological works of Jacob Hübner and of the supplements thereto by Carl Geyer, Gottfried Franz von Frölich and Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer, Vol 1 & 2
[JRL]
The Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera; JRL Archive
[LAMAS-NEO] Gerardo Lamas
Bibliography of butterflies; An Annocated Bibliography of the Neotropical Butterflies and Skipper (Lepididoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea); Revised Electronic Edition (2007)
[LEPIFORUM]
Lepiforum; Bestimmung von Schmetterlingen (Lepidoptera) und ihren Präimaginalstadien
[LepIndex] Global Lepidoptera Index
Beccaloni, G., Scoble, M., Kitching, I., Simonsen, T., Robinson, G., Pitkin, B., Hine, A., Lyal, C., Ollerenshaw, J., Wing, P., & Hobern, D. (2024). Global Lepidoptera Index. In O. Bánki, Y. Roskov, M. Döring, G. Ower, D. R. Hernández Robles, C. A. Plata Corredor, T. Stjernegaard Jeppesen, A. Örn, L. Vandepitte, D. Hobern, P. Schalk, R. E. DeWalt, K. Ma, J. Miller, T. Orrell, R. Aalbu, J. Abbott, R. Adlard, C. Aedo, et al., Catalogue of Life Checklist (1.1.24.106); https://doi.org/10.48580/dg4lg-49xk
[MPG]
North American Moth Photographers Group
[NHM-BMW] Natural History Museum
Butterflies and Moths of the World; Generic Names and their Type-species
[Opler] Opler & Warren, 2003
Butterflies of North America. 2. Scientific Names List for Butterfly Species of North America, north of Mexico.
[P&N23] Pohl & Nanz, 2023
Annotated Taxonomic Checklist of the Lepidoptera of North America, north of Mexico
[S. Shuichi Haupt]
e-mail: S. Shuichi Haupt; http://www.tu-berlin.de/fb7/ioeb/biologie/stefan.htm
[Vitaly Charny]
Birmingham, Alabama, USA
[Wahlberg]
Niklas Wahlberg; The NSG's voucher specimen database; Nymphalidae Systematics Group
[ZOBODAT] Oberösterreichische Landesmuseum
OÖ. Landesmuseum; ZOBODAT - Literatur
[iNaturalist]
iNaturalist
[maps]
Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

Some related literature:

Austin, 1998
New subspecies of Nymphalidae (Lepidoptera) from Nevada and Arizona Syst. W. N. Am. Butts. (46) : 573-586
Behr, 1863
On Californian Lepidoptera - No. III Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 3 (1) : 84-93
Bergsträsser, 1780
Nomenclatur und Beschreibung der Insecten in der Graftschaft Hanau-Münzenburg Nomen. Ins. 4 : 3-47, pl. 73-96
Boisduval, 1852
Lépidoptères de la Californie Ann. Soc. ent. Fr. (2) 10 (2) : 275-324
Boisduval, 1869
Lépidoptères de la Californie Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 12 : 5-28,37-94
Boisduval & Leconte, 1833
Histoire générale et iconographie des lépidoptères et des chenilles de l'Amérique septentrionale Hist. Lép. Am. Sept. (1): 1-16. pl. 1-3 (1829), (2): 17-24, pl. 4-6 (1829), (3/4): 25-40, pl. 7-12 ([1830]), (5/6): 41-56, pl. 13-18 ([1830]), (7/8): 57-80, pl. 19-24 ([1830]), (9/10): 81-100, pl. 25-30 (1833), (11-22): 101-196, pl. 31-65 ([1835]), (23-26): 197-228, pl. 66-78 ([1837])
Brehme, 1913
A new Aberration in Phyciodes (Lepid.) Ent. News 24 (5) : 194, pl. 7
Brown, 1966
The types of the nymphalid butterflies described by William Henry Edwards -- part 2, Melitaeinae Trans. Am. ent. Soc. 92: 357-468
Cockerell, 1913
Two new varietes of Phyciodes camillus, Edwards Entomologist 46: 308-309
Cramer, [1777]
Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 1-152, pl. 97-192 (1777)
dos Passos, 1935
Some butterflies of southern Newfoundland with descriptions of new subspecies Can. Ent. 67 (4) : 82-88
dos Passos, 1964
A synonymic list of the Nearctic Rhopalocera Lepid. Soc. Mem. 1 : 1-145
Drury, [1773]
Illustrations of natural history; wherein are exhibited ... Illust. Nat. Hist. Exot. Insects 1 : pl. 1-50 (1770), (1773) , : 1-123 (1837)
Dyar, 1903
A List of North American Lepidoptera and Key to the Literature of this Order of Insects Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 1-723
Edwards, 1861
Descriptions of certain Species of Diurnal Lepidoptera found within the limits of the United States and of British America. - No. [1]-3 Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. 13: 160-164 (1861), 14: 54-58, 221-226 (1862)
Edwards, 1864
Descriptions of certain species of Diurnal Lepidoptera, found within the limits of the United States and British America. (No. 1-3) Proc. ent. Soc. Philad. 2 (1): 14-22, pl. 1, 11 (1863), (2): 78-82 (1863), (4): 501-507 (1864)
Edwards, 1865
Descriptions of certain species of Diurnal Lepidoptera, found within the limits of the United States and British America. No. 4 Proc. ent. Soc. Philad. 4 : 201-204
Edwards, [1869]
Notes on a remarkable variety of Papilio turnus, and descriptions of two species of diurnal Lepidoptera Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 2 (2) : 207-210
Edwards, 1878
The Butterflies of North America. Vol. II Butts N. Amer. 2: 357pp, 51pls
Edwards, 1869
Descriptions of new species of diurnal Lepidoptera found within the United States Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 2 (4) : 369-376
Edwards, 1871
Descriptions of new species of diurnal Lepidoptera found within the United States Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 3 (3/4) : 205-216
Edwards, 1871
Descriptions of new species of North American butterflies Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 3 : 266-277
Fabricius, 1775
Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus Syst. Ent. : 1-832
R. Felder, 1869
Diagnosen neuer von dem K. K. Oberlieutenant H. v. Hedemann in Mexico in den Jahren 1865-1867 gesammelter Lepidopteren. Erste Folge Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien. 19 : 465-480
Fender, 1930
A new butterfly aberration (Lepid.: Nymphalidae) Ent. News 41 : 182
Forbes, 1945
The genus Phyciodes Entomologica am. 24: 139-207
Gatrelle, 1998
Two new Nymphalidae from western North Carolina: new subspecies of Speyeria aphrodite and Phyciodes batesii Taxonomic Rep. 1 (3) : 1-8
Godart, 1819
Encyclopédie Méthodique. Histoire naturelle Entomologie, ou histoire naturelle des crustacés, des arachnides et des insectes Encyclopédie Méthodique 9 (1): 3-328 (1819), (2): 329-828 ([1824])
Godman & Salvin, 1878
Descriptions of nineteen new species of Diurnal Lepidoptera from Central America Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (1) : 264-271
Godman & Salvin, [1882]
Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. Vol. 1. (1879-1886) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 1-487, 3: pl. 1-24,24a,25-112
Godman & Salvin, [1901]
Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. (1887-1901) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 1-741 (?782), 3: pl. 1-112
Gunder, 1927
New transition forms of "abs" and their classification Ent. News. 38 (5) : 129-138, pl. 2
Gunder, 1928
Additional transitional forms (Lepid., Rhopalocera) Can. Ent. 60 (7) : 162-168
Gunder, 1930
Butterflies of Los Angeles County, California Bull. South. Calif. Acad. Sci. 29 (2) : 39-95
Gunder, 1932
New Rhopalocera Can. Ent. 64 (12) : 276-284
Gunder, 1934
Various new butterflies (Lepid., Rhopalocera) Can. Ent. 66 (6) : 125-131
Hall, 1924
Notes on Polygonia j-album, Cercyonis alope, Phyciodes tharos, Heodes epixanthe and Euphydryas gillettii J. N.Y. ent. Soc. 32 : 109-111
Hall, 1928
A revision of the genus Phyciodes Hubn. Bull. Hill Mus. 2 (suppl.) : 1-20, : 23-44, pl. 1-2
Hall, 1929
A revision of the genus Phyciodes Hubn. Bull. Hill Mus. 3 (suppl.) : 45-94, : 95-146, : 145-170
Harris, 1862
A treatise on some of the insects injurious to vegetation Treatise Ins. injur. Veget. (3rd edn): 1-640, 8pls : 1-640
Higgins, 1981
A revision of Phyciodes Hübner and related genera, with a review of the classification of the Melitaeinae Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43 (3) : 77-243, f. 1-490,124a,125a
[NACL]; Hodges, 1983
Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico Check List Lep. Am. N of Mexico
Hübner, [1819]
Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge, 1816-[1826] Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): [1-3], 4-16 (1816), (2): 17-32 (1819), (3): 33-48 (1819), (4): 49-64 (1819), (5): 65-80 (1819), (6): 81-96 (1819), (7): 97-112 (1819), (8): 113-128 (1819), (9): 129-144 (1819), (10): 145-160 (1819), (11): 161-176 (1819), (12): 177-192 (1820), (13): 193-208 (1820), (14): 209-224 (1821), (15): 225-240 (1821), (16): 241-256 (1821), (17): 257-272 (1823), (18): 273-288 (1823), (19): 289-304 (1823), (20): 305-320 (1825), (21): 321-336 (1825), (22): 337-352 (1825), (23-27): 353-431 ([1825])
Hübner, [1826]
Anzeiger der im Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge angenommenen Benennungen ihrer Horden, Rotten, Stämme, Familien, Vereine und Gattungen Verz. bek. Schmett. (Anz.) (1-9): 1-72
Kirby, 1837
Fauna Boreali-Americana or the Zoology of the northern parts of British America in Richardson, Fauna Boreal Amer.: 325pp, 8pls
Klots, 1951
A filed guide to the butterflies of North America, east of the Great Plains: 349pp, 40pls A field guide butts N. America, E Great Plains
[NL4A]; Lamas, 2004
Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera
[BOW]; Lewis, 1974
Butterflies of the World
Saunders in Packard, 1869
Guide to the study of Insects and a treatise on those injurious and beneficial to crops: for the use of colleges, farm-schools, and agricullturiss Guide Study Ins. : 1-702
Pelham, 2008
A catalogue of the butterflies of the United States and Canada J. Res. Lepid. 40 : 1-652
[NAB]; Pyle, 1981
Field Guide to North American Butterflies, National Audubon Society
Reakirt, [1866]
Descriptions of some new species of Eresia Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. 5 (2) : 224-227
Reakirt, 1866
Coloradian butteflies Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. 6 (1) : 122-151
Reiff, 1913
Some new forms of Lepidoptera from Massachusetts Ent. News 24 (7) : 305-310, pl. 10
Riley, 1975
Field guide to the butterflies of the West Indies Field Guide butts West Indies: 244pp
Röber, 1913
4. Genus Phyciodes Hbn. - 7. Gattung: Gnatotriche Fldr. in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterl. Erde 5 : 434-440 (10 Dec 1913), : 441-448 (15 Dec 1913), : 449-454 ([before 28 Feb] 1914), : pl. 88-92 (1914)
Scott, 1974
Early stages and biology of Phyciodes orseis (Nymphalidae) J. Res. Lepid. 12 : 236-242
Scott, 1994
Biology and systematics of Phyciodes Papilio (n.s.) 7 : 1-120
Skinner, 1897
Notes on Rhopalocera, with descriptions of new species and varieties Can. Ent. 29 (6) : 154-156
Skinner, 1917
New species of Lepidoptera Ent. News 28 (7) : 328-329
[EBW]; Smart, 1976
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World Illust. Encyp. Butt. World: -
Tilden, [1970]
Concerning the names and status of certain North American members of the genus Phyciodes J. Res. Lepid. 8 (3) : 94-98
Wright, 1905
The Butterflies of the West Coast of the United States Butts. West Coast US : 3-257
Zhang, Cong, Shen, Opler & Grishin, 2021
Genomics-guided refinement of butterfly taxonomy Taxonomic Rep. 9 (3) : 1-55

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Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.

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