*Uganda, Geography

Location:
  Eastern Africa, between Kenya and Zaire
Map references:
  Africa, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
 total area:
  236,040 km2
 land area:
  199,710 km2
 comparative area:
  slightly smaller than Oregon
Land boundaries:
  total 2,698 km, Kenya 933 km, Rwanda 169 km, Sudan 435 km, Tanzania 396 km,
  Zaire 765 km
Coastline:
  0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
  none; landlocked
International disputes:
  none
Climate:
  tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June
  to August); semiarid in northeast
Terrain:
  mostly plateau with rim of mountains
Natural resources:
  copper, cobalt, limestone, salt
Land use:
 arable land:
  23%
 permanent crops:
  9%
 meadows and pastures:
  25%
 forest and woodland:
  30%
 other:
  13%
Irrigated land:
  90 km2 (1989 est.)
Environment:
  straddles Equator; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion
Note:
  landlocked

*Uganda, People

Population:
  19,344,181 (July 1993 est.)
Population growth rate:
  2.69% (1993 est.)
Birth rate:
  49.86 births/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Death rate:
  22.98 deaths/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Net migration rate:
  0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
  112.1 deaths/1,000 live births (1993 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
 total population:
  38.4 years
 male:
  38.09 years
 female:
  38.71 years (1993 est.)
Total fertility rate:
  7.15 children born/woman (1993 est.)
Nationality:
 noun:
  Ugandan(s)
 adjective:
  Ugandan
Ethnic divisions:
  African 99%, European, Asian, Arab 1%
Religions:
  Roman Catholic 33%, Protestant 33%, Muslim 16%, indigenous beliefs 18%
Languages:
  English (official), Luganda, Swahili, Bantu languages, Nilotic languages
Literacy:
  age 15 and over can read and write (1990)
 total population:
  48%
 male:
  62%
 female:
  35%
Labor force:
  4.5 million (est.)
 by occupation:
  agriculture over 80%
 note:
  50% of population of working age (1983)

*Uganda, Government

Names:
 conventional long form:
  Republic of Uganda
 conventional short form:   Uganda
Digraph:
  UG
Type:
  republic
Capital:
  Kampala
Administrative divisions:
  10 provinces; Busoga, Central, Eastern, Karamoja, Nile, North Buganda,
  Northern, South Buganda, Southern, Western
Independence:
  9 October 1962 (from UK)
Constitution:
  8 September 1967, in process of constitutional revision
Legal system:
  government plans to restore system based on English common law and customary
  law and reinstitute a normal judicial system; accepts compulsory ICJ
  jurisdiction, with reservations
National holiday:
  Independence Day, 9 October (1962)
Political parties and leaders:
  only party - National Resistance Movement (NRM), Yoweri MUSEVENI
 note:
  the Uganda Patriotic Movement (UPM); Ugandan People's Congress (UPC), Milton
  OBOTE; Democratic Party (DP), Paul SSEMOGEERE; and Conservative Party (CP),
  Jeshua NIKHGI continue to exist but are all proscribed from conducting
  public political activities
Other political or pressure groups:
  Uganda People's Front (UPF); Uganda People's Christian Democratic Army
  (UPCDA); Ruwenzori Movement
Suffrage:
  18 years of age; universal
Elections:
 National Resistance Council:
  last held 11-28 February 1989 (next to be held by January 1995); results -
  NRM was the only party; seats - (278 total, 210 indirectly elected) 210
  members elected without party affiliation
Executive branch:
  president, vice president, prime minister, three deputy prime ministers,
  Cabinet
Legislative branch:
  unicameral National Resistance Council
Judicial branch:
  Court of Appeal, High Court
Leaders:
 Chief of State:
  President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since 29 January 1986); Vice
  President Samson Babi Mululu KISEKKA (since NA January 1991)
 Head of Government:
  Prime Minister George Cosmas ADYEBO (since NA January 1991)
Member of:
  ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, EADB, ECA, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IDA,
  IDB, IFAD, IFC, IGADD, ILO, IMF, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ITU, LORCS,
  NAM, OAU, OIC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO,
  WTO

*Uganda, Government

Diplomatic representation in US:
 chief of mission:
  Ambassador Stephen Kapimpina KATENTA-APULI
 chancery:
  5909 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011
 telephone:
  (202) 726-7100 through 7102
US diplomatic representation:
 chief of mission:
  Ambassador Johnnie CARSON
 embassy:
  Parliament Avenue, Kampala
 mailing address:
  P. O. Box 7007, Kampala
 telephone:
  [256] (41) 259792, 259793, 259795
Flag:
  six equal horizontal bands of black (top), yellow, red, black, yellow, and
  red; a white disk is superimposed at the center and depicts a red-crested
  crane (the national symbol) facing the staff side

*Uganda, Economy

Overview:
  Uganda has substantial natural resources, including fertile soils, regular
  rainfall, and sizable mineral deposits of copper and cobalt. The economy has
  been devastated by widespread political instability, mismanagement, and
  civil war since independence in 1962, keeping Uganda poor with a per capita
  income of about $300. (GDP remains below the levels of the early 1970s, as
  does industrial production.) Agriculture is the most important sector of the
  economy, employing over 80% of the work force. Coffee is the major export
  crop and accounts for the bulk of export revenues. Since 1986 the government
  has acted to rehabilitate and stabilize the economy by undertaking currency
  reform, raising producer prices on export crops, increasing prices of
  petroleum products, and improving civil service wages. The policy changes
  are especially aimed at dampening inflation, which was running at over 300%
  in 1987, and boosting production and export earnings. In 1990-92, the
  economy has turned in a solid performance based on continued investment in
  the rehabilitation of infrastructure, improved incentives for production and
  exports, and gradually improving domestic security.
National product:
  GDP - exchange rate conversion - $6 billion (1992 est.)
National product real growth rate:
  4% (1992 est.)
National product per capita:
  $300 (1992 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  41.5% (1992 est.)
Unemployment rate:
  NA%
Budget:
  revenues $365 million; expenditures $545 million, including capital
  expenditures of $165 million (FY89 est.)
Exports:
  $170 million (f.o.b., 1991 est.)
 commodities:
  coffee 97%, cotton, tea
 partners:
  US 25%, UK 18%, France 11%, Spain 10%
Imports:
  $610 million (c.i.f., 1991 est.)
 commodities:
  petroleum products, machinery, cotton piece goods, metals, transportation
  equipment, food
 partners:
  Kenya 25%, UK 14%, Italy 13%
External debt:
  $1.9 billion (1991 est.)
Industrial production:
  growth rate 7.0% (1990); accounts for 5% of GDP
Electricity:
  200,000 kW capacity; 610 million kWh produced, 30 kWh per capita (1991)
Industries:
  sugar, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles, cement
Agriculture:
  mainly subsistence; accounts for 57% of GDP and over 80% of labor force;
  cash crops - coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco; food crops - cassava, potatoes,
  corn, millet, pulses; livestock products - beef, goat meat, milk, poultry;
  self-sufficient in food

*Uganda, Economy

Economic aid:
  US commitments, including Ex-Im (1970-89), $145 million; Western (non-US)
  countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.4 billion; OPEC
  bilateral aid (1979-89), $60 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $169
  million
Currency:
  1 Ugandan shilling (USh) = 100 cents
Exchange rates:
  Ugandan shillings (USh) per US$1 - 1,217.1 (January 1993), 1.133.8 (1992),
  734.0 (1991), 428.85 (1990), 223.1 (1989), 106.1 (1988)
Fiscal year:
  1 July - 30 June

*Uganda, Communications

Railroads:
  1,300 km, 1.000-meter-gauge single track
Highways:
  26,200 km total; 1,970 km paved; 5,849 km crushed stone, gravel, and
  laterite; remainder earth roads and tracks
Inland waterways:
  Lake Victoria, Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga, Lake George, Lake Edward; Victoria
  Nile, Albert Nile; principal inland water ports are at Jinja and Port Bell,
  both on Lake Victoria
Merchant marine:
  3 roll-on/roll-off (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 15,091 GRT
Airports:
 total:
  31
 usable:
  23
 with permanent-surface runways:
  5
 with runways over 3,659 m:
  1
 with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
  3
 with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
  11
Telecommunications:
  fair system with microwave and radio communications stations; broadcast
  stations - 10 AM, no FM, 9 TV; satellite communications ground stations - 1
  Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT

*Uganda, Defense Forces

Branches:
  Army, Navy, Air Force
Manpower availability:
  males age 15-49 4,137,983; fit for military service 2,250,793 (1993 est.)
Defense expenditures:
  exchange rate conversion - $NA, 15% of budget (FY89/90)