Referència de la notació del GNU LilyPond: 2.6.3.1 Diagrames de posicions per a vent fusta

#### 2.6.3.1 Diagrames de posicions per a vent fusta

Es poden utilitzar diagrames de posicions per als instruments de vent fusta per indicar la digitació a usar en tocar certes notes, i es poden utilitzar per als instruments següents:

- flautí
- flauta
- oboè
- clarinet
- clarinet baix
- saxofon
- fagot
- contrafagot

Els diagrames es creen com elements de marcatge:

>     c''1^\markup {
>       \woodwind-diagram #'piccolo #'((lh . (gis))
>                                      (cc . (one three))
>                                      (rh . (ees)))
>     }

Les claus poden estar obertes, parcialment cobertes, amb l’anell polsat o totalment premudes:

>     \textLengthOn
>     c''1^\markup {
>       \center-column {
>         "one quarter"
>         \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (one1q))
>                                      (lh . ())
>                                      (rh . ()))
>       }
>     }

>     c''1^\markup {
>       \center-column {
>         "one half"
>         \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (one1h))
>                                      (lh . ())
>                                      (rh . ()))
>       }
>     }

>     c''1^\markup {
>       \center-column {
>         "three quarter"
>         \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (one3q))
>                                      (lh . ())
>                                      (rh . ()))
>       }
>     }

>     c''1^\markup {
>       \center-column {
>         "ring"
>         \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (oneR))
>                                      (lh . ())
>                                      (rh . ()))
>       }
>     }

>     c''1^\markup {
>       \center-column {
>         "full"
>         \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (oneF two))
>                                      (lh . ())
>                                      (rh . ()))
>       }
>     }

Els trins s’indiquen mitjanant claus ombrejades:

>     c''1^\markup {
>       \woodwind-diagram #'bass-clarinet
>                         #'((cc . (threeT four))
>                            (lh . ())
>                            (rh . (b fis)))
>     }

És possible imprimir una àmplia varietat de trins:

>     \textLengthOn
>     c''1^\markup {
>       \center-column {
>         "one quarter to ring"
>         \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (one1qTR))
>                                      (lh . ())
>                                      (rh . ()))
>       }
>     }

>     c''1^\markup {
>       \center-column {
>         "ring to shut"
>         \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (oneTR))
>                                      (lh . ())
>                                      (rh . ()))
>       }
>     }

>     c''1^\markup {
>       \center-column {
>         "ring to open"
>         \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (oneRT))
>                                      (lh . ())
>                                      (rh . ()))
>       }
>     }

>     c''1^\markup {
>       \center-column {
>         "open to shut"
>         \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (oneT))
>                                      (lh . ())
>                                      (rh . ()))
>       }
>     }

>     c''1^\markup {
>       \center-column {
>         "one quarter to three quarters"
>         \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (one1qT3q))
>                                      (lh . ())
>                                      (rh . ()))
>       }
>     }

La llista de totes les tonalitats i ajustos possibles per a un instrument donat es pot imprimir a la consola usant `#(print-keys-verbose 'flute)` o en el fitxer de registre usant `#(print-keys-verbose 'flute (current-error-port))`, tot i que no es pot mostrar en la sortida de música impresa.

És possible crear diagrames nous, tot i que requereix coneixements de l’Scheme i potser no està a l’abast de tots els usuaris. Els patrons dels diagrames estan a ‘`scm/define-woodwind-diagrams.scm`’ i a ‘`scm/display-woodwind-diagrams.scm`’.

#### Instruccions predefinides

#### Fragments de codi seleccionats

Woodwind diagrams listing

The following music shows all of the woodwind diagrams currently defined in LilyPond.

>     \layout {
>       indent = 0
>     }

>     \relative c' {
>       \textLengthOn
>       c1^
>       \markup {
>         \center-column {
>           'tin-whistle
>           " "
>            \woodwind-diagram
>                       #'tin-whistle
>                       #'()
>         }
>       }

>       c1^
>       \markup {
>         \center-column {
>           'piccolo
>           " "
>            \woodwind-diagram
>                       #'piccolo
>                       #'()
>         }
>       }

>       c1^
>       \markup {
>         \center-column {
>            'flute
>            " "
>            \woodwind-diagram
>               #'flute
>               #'()
>         }
>       }
>       c1^\markup {
>         \center-column {
>           'oboe
>           " "
>           \woodwind-diagram
>             #'oboe
>             #'()
>         }
>       }

>       c1^\markup {
>         \center-column {
>           'clarinet
>           " "
>           \woodwind-diagram
>             #'clarinet
>             #'()
>         }
>       }

>       c1^\markup {
>         \center-column {
>           'bass-clarinet
>           " "
>           \woodwind-diagram
>             #'bass-clarinet
>             #'()
>         }
>       }

>       c1^\markup {
>         \center-column {
>           'saxophone
>           " "
>           \woodwind-diagram
>             #'saxophone
>             #'()
>         }
>       }

>       c1^\markup {
>         \center-column {
>           'bassoon
>           " "
>           \woodwind-diagram
>             #'bassoon
>             #'()
>         }
>       }

>       c1^\markup {
>         \center-column {
>           'contrabassoon
>           " "
>           \woodwind-diagram
>             #'contrabassoon
>             #'()
>         }
>       }
>     }

Graphical and text woodwind diagrams

In many cases, the keys other than the central column can be displayed by key name as well as by graphical means.

>     \relative c'' {
>       \textLengthOn
>       c1^\markup
>         \woodwind-diagram
>           #'piccolo
>           #'((cc . (one three))
>              (lh . (gis))
>              (rh . (ees)))

>       c^\markup
>         \override #'(graphical . #f) {
>           \woodwind-diagram
>             #'piccolo
>             #'((cc . (one three))
>                (lh . (gis))
>                (rh . (ees)))
>         }
>     }

Changing the size of woodwind diagrams

The size and thickness of woodwind diagrams can be changed.

>     \relative c'' {
>       \textLengthOn
>       c1^\markup
>         \woodwind-diagram
>           #'piccolo
>           #'()

>       c^\markup
>         \override #'(size . 1.5) {
>           \woodwind-diagram
>             #'piccolo
>             #'()
>         }
>       c^\markup
>         \override #'(thickness . 0.15) {
>           \woodwind-diagram
>             #'piccolo
>             #'()
>         }
>     }

Woodwind diagrams key lists

The snippet below produces a list of all possible keys and key settings for woodwind diagrams as defined in `scm/define-woodwind-diagrams.scm`. The list will be displayed in the log file, but not in the music. If output to the console is wanted, omit the `(current-error-port)` from the commands.

>     #(print-keys-verbose 'piccolo (current-error-port))
>     #(print-keys-verbose 'flute (current-error-port))
>     #(print-keys-verbose 'flute-b-extension (current-error-port))
>     #(print-keys-verbose 'tin-whistle (current-error-port))
>     #(print-keys-verbose 'oboe (current-error-port))
>     #(print-keys-verbose 'clarinet (current-error-port))
>     #(print-keys-verbose 'bass-clarinet (current-error-port))
>     #(print-keys-verbose 'low-bass-clarinet (current-error-port))
>     #(print-keys-verbose 'saxophone (current-error-port))
>     #(print-keys-verbose 'soprano-saxophone (current-error-port))
>     #(print-keys-verbose 'alto-saxophone (current-error-port))
>     #(print-keys-verbose 'tenor-saxophone (current-error-port))
>     #(print-keys-verbose 'baritone-saxophone (current-error-port))
>     #(print-keys-verbose 'bassoon (current-error-port))
>     #(print-keys-verbose 'contrabassoon (current-error-port))

>     \score {c''1}

#### Vegeu també

Fitxers d’inici: ‘`scm/define-woodwind-diagrams.scm`’,
‘`scm/display-woodwind-diagrams.scm`’.

Fragmentos de código: Winds.

Referència de funcionament interno TextScript, instrument-specific-markup-interface.

#### LilyPond — Referència de la notació v2.22.2 (branca estable).