CLHS: Function INTERSECTION, NINTERSECTION

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Function INTERSECTION, NINTERSECTION

Syntax:

intersection list-1 list-2 `&key` key test test-not => result-list

nintersection list-1 list-2 `&key` key test test-not => result-list

Arguments and Values:

list-1---a proper list.

list-2---a proper list.

test---a designator for a function of two arguments that returns a generalized boolean.

test-not---a designator for a function of two arguments that returns a generalized boolean.

key---a designator for a function of one argument, or nil.

result-list---a list.

Description:

intersection and nintersection return a list that contains every element that occurs in both list-1 and list-2.

nintersection is the destructive version of intersection. It performs the same operation, but may destroy list-1 using its cells to construct the result. list-2 is not destroyed.

The intersection operation is described as follows. For all possible ordered pairs consisting of one element from list-1 and one element from list-2, `:test` or `:test-not` are used to determine whether they satisfy the test. The first argument to the `:test` or `:test-not` function is an element of list-1; the second argument is an element of list-2. If `:test` or `:test-not` is not supplied, eql is used. It is an error if `:test` and `:test-not` are supplied in the same function call.

If `:key` is supplied (and not nil), it is used to extract the part to be tested from the list element. The argument to the `:key` function is an element of either list-1 or list-2; the `:key` function typically returns part of the supplied element. If `:key` is not supplied or nil, the list-1 and list-2 elements are used.

For every pair that satifies the test, exactly one of the two elements of the pair will be put in the result. No element from either list appears in the result that does not satisfy the test for an element from the other list. If one of the lists contains duplicate elements, there may be duplication in the result.

There is no guarantee that the order of elements in the result will reflect the ordering of the arguments in any particular way. The result list may share cells with, or be eq to, either list-1 or list-2 if appropriate.

Examples:

     (setq list1 (list 1 1 2 3 4 a b c "A" "B" "C" "d")
           list2 (list 1 4 5 b c d "a" "B" "c" "D"))
      =>  (1 4 5 B C D "a" "B" "c" "D")
     (intersection list1 list2) =>  (C B 4 1 1)
     (intersection list1 list2 :test 'equal) =>  ("B" C B 4 1 1)
     (intersection list1 list2 :test #'equalp) =>  ("d" "C" "B" "A" C B 4 1 1)
     (nintersection list1 list2) =>  (1 1 4 B C)
     list1 =>  implementation-dependent ;e.g.,  (1 1 4 B C)
     list2 =>  implementation-dependent ;e.g.,  (1 4 5 B C D "a" "B" "c" "D")
     (setq list1 (copy-list '((1 . 2) (2 . 3) (3 . 4) (4 . 5))))
    =>  ((1 . 2) (2 . 3) (3 . 4) (4 . 5))
     (setq list2 (copy-list '((1 . 3) (2 . 4) (3 . 6) (4 . 8))))
    =>  ((1 . 3) (2 . 4) (3 . 6) (4 . 8))
     (nintersection list1 list2 :key #'cdr) =>  ((2 . 3) (3 . 4))
     list1 =>  implementation-dependent ;e.g.,  ((1 . 2) (2 . 3) (3 . 4))
     list2 =>  implementation-dependent ;e.g.,  ((1 . 3) (2 . 4) (3 . 6) (4 . 8))

Side Effects:

nintersection can modify list-1, but not list-2.

Affected By: None.

Exceptional Situations:

Should be prepared to signal an error of type type-error if list-1 and list-2 are not proper lists.

See Also:

union, Section 3.2.1 (Compiler Terminology), Section 3.6 (Traversal Rules and Side Effects)

Notes:

The `:test-not` parameter is deprecated.

Since the nintersection side effect is not required, it should not be used in for-effect-only positions in portable code.

The following X3J13 cleanup issues, not part of the specification, apply to this section:

- TEST-NOT-IF-NOT:FLUSH-ALL
- MAPPING-DESTRUCTIVE-INTERACTION:EXPLICITLY-VAGUE
- CONSTANT-MODIFICATION:DISALLOW
- NINTERSECTION-DESTRUCTION
- REMF-DESTRUCTION-UNSPECIFIED:X3J13-MAR-89
- NINTERSECTION-DESTRUCTION:REVERT

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