Using NUPop

Northwestern University - Draft Document

This document is still under development and has not been fully checked for technical and stylistic errors.
It reflects changes to NUPOP through version 0.98C.
Report problems with the document to Albert-Lunde@nwu.edu.

For problems with NUPop, there is a mailing list for NUPop available.  Send a note to pib@nwu.edu
or cm@nwu.edu asking to be added (or dropped from) the list.  Send mail to "nupop@casbah.acns.nwu.edu" to send mail to everyone on the list. This list is the place to look for help from other users of NUPop, to
post bug reports, suggestions for improvements, find out what new developments are in progress, etc.

Introduction

NUPop is a program for receiving, composing, and sending Internet electronic mail from an IBM PC. NUPop can be used through both the campus network and dial-up access.
We recommend Eudora to people using Macintosh computers. Eudora has similar features to NUPop. 
NUPop or Eudora will send and receive mail through an account on our e-mail system without asking one to log on directly. You can read and edit e-mail in a familiar microcomputer environment.
NUPop uses a client/server protocol called "POP" (Post Office Protocol) to receive mail and another protocol called "SMTP" (Simple Mail Transport Protocol) to send mail. NUPop was developed by Northwestern University from The University of Minnesota's POPMAIL program.
This document explains how to use the most important features NUPop. It assumes you have access to a computer on which NUPop has already been installed. 
A separate document discusses hardware requirements, and installing and configuring NUPop.
Some examples in this document reflect conditions at Northwestern University.  People at other sites should consult local experts for clarification.

Starting up NUPop

If NUPop has been included the DOS PATH in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file, you can run NUPop, just by typing "NUPOP" at the DOS prompt anywhere. Otherwise, go to the drive and subdirectory where NUPop is stored, then type "NUPOP". For example:
C:
CD NUPOP
NUPOP
When NUPop is started, it may (depending on options) display a copyright screen (click OK or press <Enter>) and/or come up with a dialog asking you to enter your password:
Initial Password Dialog

Note that your username and password are case sensitive.  If you cancel the username/password dialog, you will be asked again later as necessary.
(If you are prompted with other preferences/settings dialogs at this time, NUPop has not been completely or properly installed.)
Optionally, NUPop may also check for and download new mail at this time.
When the start-up completes, NUPop should be able to send or receive mail.
To quit NUPop, type <Alt>-X, (that is hold down the <Alt> key and press X).

NUPop User Interface Conventions
The NUPop Menu Bar:

File  Edit  Group  MailBox  Message  Options  Utilities  Window  Help  10:45:01

NUPop follows "user interface" conventions common to much PC software.
Some people will find NUPop easier to use with a mouse, but all its features can be accessed from the keyboard.  If you are familiar with similar software you may be able to skim this section, and go to the following sections on sending and receiving mail.
The <Esc> Key is Used to Cancel a Dialog or Menu. 
This is especially important , because it is the only way to exit some dialog windows which have no cancel button.
Picking from Menus with a Mouse 
NUPop uses "pull-down" menus which stay down once the menu is selected until an item on the menu is picked or the menu is canceled.
To select a menu, click on the menu title to display the pull-down menu. (Use only the left  mouse button if your mouse has more than one button).  Then click on the name of a command on the menu.  
Instead of clicking twice, you can push the mouse button over a menu title and continue to hold the mouse button down as  you drag the mouse cursor down from the menu title to the command name, then release the mouse button.  If you decide not to pick  a command, move the mouse cursor away from the pull-down menu and release the mouse button. Then nothing will be done.
Command Key Equivalents
If you don't have a mouse or wish to use command-key equivalents, the important keys <Esc>,  <Alt>,  <Tab>,  <Enter>,  the arrow keys and the space bar.
<Tab> Skips to the Next Item
The <Tab> key is used in windows and dialog boxes to move from one item to another, to change the current button or field.   When items like buttons are grouped, the <Tab> key moves from one group to another and the up and down arrow keys move from one item to another in this group.
<Alt> is Used for Menu and Button Equivalents
Key equivalents are indicated by highlighted letters in the names of menus, menu items, buttons (and other items in settings dialogs).  Usually the <Alt> key is held down while typing the highlighted letter,  to pick a menu or button. For example:
<Alt>-F selects the "File" menu
<Alt>-B selects the "MailBox" menu
Picking from Menus with the Keyboard
To pick a menu item, first pull down the menu by typing the highlighted letter in the menu name while holding down the <Alt> key, then type the highlighted letter in the text of of the menu item (It is not necessary to press <Alt> again to pick a menu item  once the menu is down.
You can also pick a menu item by moving the selection with the arrow keys and pressing <Enter>.
Three dots ("...") in the title of a menu item or button indicates it brings up a dialog box window rather than doing something immediately. 
There are additional key equivalents for some frequently menu items.  These are listed on the menus and in the appendix "NUPop Hot-Keys".
Push Buttons
"Push Buttons" appear on screen as rectangles with a name and a drop shadow.
If you have a mouse, click on push buttons with the mouse.
Press the <Tab> key to go through a dialog until a button you want is highlighted, then press the <Enter> key to choose  that button.  (Press Shift-<Tab> to move backwards in a dialog box.)  
Text Fields
One of the fields in a dialog box is "selected" -- indicated by being drawn in a different color scheme. When a field is selected, you can edit its text.  In some cases a field in a dialog box is "disabled"   (If so,, you cannot select or change that field. )
If you have a mouse you can select a text field by clicking with the mouse.
Press the <Tab> key to select to the next field.
Some fields have text labels next to them containing a highlighted letter.  You can quickly select that field by holding down the Alt key and pressing the highlighted letter. 
If the existing text is highlighted, anything you type will replace that value.  If the text is not highlighted then anything you type will be inserted into the existing text. 
You can move the cursor within a field with the left or right arrow keys or the Home and End keys (this will also de-highlight the text).  You can highlight some or all the text by holding down the Shift key while using the cursor keys. 
You can delete a character by pressing the <Backspace> (Bksp) or <Delete> (Del) keys.  Pressing the <Insert> (Ins) key toggles text input between "Insert Mode" and "Replace Mode." 
Check Boxes and Radio Buttons
Check boxes and radio buttons are used to select options in dialog box windows. They are similar except that radio buttons represent a group of mutually exclusive choices. Options which are on are indicated by "[X]" for check boxes and "(•)" for radio buttons. Options turned off are indicated by "[ ]" or "( )".
You toggle a check box on or off by clicking between the brackets "[ ]" or clicking on the label immediately to the right. 
The Space Bar Toggles Radio Buttons
If you don't have a mouse, press the <Tab> key until the check box is highlighted and then press the space bar.  You can also toggle  a check box by pressing <Alt> and a highlighted letter from its label.
If several check boxes are grouped together, pressing <Tab> moves to the next group.  Use the up and down arrow keys to highlight a the check box you want within the group.  On some monitors, NUPop may indicate the highlighted check box or group of check boxes by placing a chevron symbol  "»"  next to it. 
Radio buttons work just like check boxes, except that one and only one radio button in a group is on at any one time.
List Boxes 
A list box is used in a dialog to pick from  a scrolling list of choices.  To activate a list box , click on it or press <Tab> until it is highlighted.  Then use the mouse to  manipulate the scroll bar or if you don't have a mouse, press the up-down arrow keys to move within the list. 
Editing Text  in NUPop
Anywhere in NUPop, the <Del> key deletes text forward from the current cursor position, and the <Backspace> key deletes text to the left of the cursor position.  
Except within a dialog box, you can use the mouse to drag over (select) text to be cut or copied. 
Without a mouse, select text by holding the Shift key down and using the arrow keys to expand the amount of text selected, starting with the current cursor position.  
Once the text is selected (highlighted) you can cut the selected text, by selecting Cut from the Edit menu.  Likewise, to copy selected text, select Copy from the Edit menu.  
To paste the text contained in NUPop's clipboard, move the cursor to the destination then select Paste from the Edit  menu.
NUPop has a number of additional text editing features, (similar to Wordstar) which may be used to edit the body of a message or to edit text files. These are summarized in a table in an appendix.

The "Big Three" Windows: Index, Composer, and Viewer 

You will do most of your work in NUPop in three windows: the Index, Composer, and Viewer windows. You can bring any of these windows to the front with a function key or by picking their name on the "Window" menu. A common problem when getting started in NUPop is getting confused about which window is, or should be, in front.
Usually these windows fill the whole screen, but it is possible to "tile" or move them so that so that more than one shows at a time, using commands on the window menu. 
Index Window
The Index Window lists the contexts of the current NUPop "mailbox". Various letters appear at the left to indicate the status of a message. (A complete list appears in Appendix C at the end of this document.)
Composer Window
The Composer window is used to edit outgoing mail.
Viewer Window
The Viewer window is used to read existing mail.

On-line HELP in NUPop

The F1 function key brings up context-sensitive on-line help for whatever is currently selected on screen.  In addition, a one-line description of the currently selected item appears at the bottom of the screen.  (Use the <Esc> key to leave help or cancel other dialog screens.)
The on-line help in NUPop currently has more detail about some topics than others, but it may be a useful supplement to other documentation.

Sending Mail with NUPop

Bring the "Composer" window to the front, by pressing F8, or the "Compose" button, or by picking "New" from the "Message" menu. 
(This window is used to edit outgoing mail. If the Composer Window comes up showing an old message in progress you wish to abandon, you can pick "Clear Composer" from the Edit menu.)

Composer Window

•	The box at the top of the screen is shared between three fields used for e-mail addresses: "To:", "Cc:", "BlCc:".  The "radio button" marked "(.)" indicates the field that is displayed. A check mark "√" next to a field name indicates it is not blank. Click on another "(  )" button to shift to another field.
•	In the "To:" box on screen, enter the e-mail address of the person to whom you are sending the message, for example: 
j-smith@nwu.edu 
joeuser@casbah.acns.nwu.edu 
mrbig@watsa.mattau.edu 

Addresses should generally be given in the full Internet form. (Addresses without a "@" will be interpreted as aliases for NUPop groups, or if there is no such group, as accounts on whatever system is listed as your SMTP server.) If you are sending to more than one person, separate the addresses by commas.
•	The fields "Cc:" (Carbon Copy) and "BlCc:" (Blind Carbon Copy) may both be used to send copies of a message to other people/addresses besides the primary destination. The only difference is that "Blind" copies are not listed in the headers of the message as sent to others.
•	In the "Subject:" box on the screen, enter a one-line descriptive title for the message. 
•	In the "Text:"  box at the bottom of the window, type the body of the message.  See the appendix for more information of advanced editing features.
(NUPop does not support underlined, bold, or italic text, since this cannot be sent through ordinary e-mail).
•	There are two ways to send a message depending on whether you have "Queue outgoing mail" checked with an "[X]" in the "Preferences/Message" screen or not.
1	If "Queue outgoing mail" is not checked - One of the buttons is named "Send". 
•	Press the "Send"  button or type Alt-S, to send the message. 
NUPop will try to send the message immediately. 
•	If your password is not saved, you will be prompted for it.  (Note that the username and password are case sensitive.)
	You will see several progress messages on screen starting with: 
"Connecting to"... whatever the SMTP server is named. 
2 	If "Queue outgoing mail" is checked - One of the buttons is named "Queue".  
(This option is often used with NUPop and Serial dial-up to reduce the number of phone calls needed.) 
•	Press the "Queue" button or type Alt-Q. This stores the message in the "Out" mailbox with a "Q" mark but does not send the message. 
•	Later, to actually send this and any other messages waiting to be sent, click on the "Send Queued" button or pick "Send Queued Messages" from the MailBox menu. 
•	If your password is not saved, you will be prompted for it. (Note that the username and password are case sensitive.)
	You should then see progress messages on screen starting with: 
"Connecting to"... whatever the SMTP server is named. 
After messages are actually sent, they will be kept in the SENT mailbox if "Keep copy of outgoing mail" is checked in the "Preferences/Message" screen. 

Mailboxes

NUPop stores its mail in "mailboxes". It automatically creates mailboxes named "IN", "OUT",  "SENT", and "TRASH".  You can create other mailboxes and use them to organize your mail. The index screen displays the contexts of the current mailbox.
To change to a different mailbox, pick "Change Mailbox..." from the "Mailbox" menu. This brings up a dialog with a list of existing mailbox names and a text field. To change to an existing mailbox, click on the mailbox name then click OK. To create a new mailbox and change to it, type a new mailbox name in the field and click OK.
Usually, you will not need to do anything with NUPop's mail files or directories yourself - NUPop will manage them for you. However, it may be useful at times to know something about the way mailboxes are stored.  
NUPop usually creates mailboxes in a directory specified in the "User" options setting. Each NUPop "mailbox" is a subdirectory within this directory.  These subdirectories have names of the unusual form "IN.MBX", "OUT.MBX". To use DOS commands to go to a directory with a name like this, you can type:
CD \MAIL\IN.MBX
Individual mail messages in a "mailbox" are sorted in these directories as numbered files. An index file keeps track of the status of these files.
After deleting messages you may wish to renumber them; there is a command on the MailBox menu to do this.
You can also recreate the index - this is useful to fix various problems where NUPop is "out of touch with reality".

Enclosures

You can "enclose" arbitrary files in NUPOP messages. This is useful to send things like word processor files to other people.  To do this, click the "Enclose..." button in the Composer Window, and select the file or files to enclose.
There is no single standard for encoding enclosures so it is not always the case that someone using other mail software will be able to read them automatically. NUPOP uses "BinHex" encoding, (which is more commonly used on Macs).
By default, NUPop saves enclosures in the ENCL\ subdirectory within the IN.MBX subdirectory (which holds the IN mailbox messages).  This can be changed with a setting in the Menu "Options/User...".
NUPop can exchange enclosures with some other e-mail software., including Eudora. Transferring files between the Mac and PC can pose problems even if everything works as advertised. The bytes are just transferred "as is", no file format conversion is done.
If an enclosed document contains a Macintosh resource fork, the resource fork portion of the document will be stored in a subdirectory of ENCL called RSRC. For the most part, this information is unreadable on a PC.

Receiving Mail with NUPop

Incoming mail is stored on the computer system which runs the POP server until NUPop on the PC contacts the server and gets it. 
To ask NUPop to get new messages, press F2 or the "Acquire" button or pick "Acquire Messages" from the "MailBox" menu. 
(In addition, NUPop will get messages automatically when it is started if "Acquire mail at startup" is checked in the "Preferences" screen. You can also have NUPOP check for mail periodically with "Timed message acquisition." This is described in a later section. ) 
If your password is not saved, you will be prompted for it. (Note that the username and password are case sensitive.)
You will see several progress messages on screen starting with: 
"Connecting to"... whatever the POP server is named. 
If there is mail on the server, NUPop will say something like: 
"Reading Message 1 of 2" 
as it downloads the messages. When it is done it will come up with a dialog box giving the number of new messages and/or old messages skipped. Click on the "OK" button to continue. 
(The Preferences settings: "Acquire mail at startup", "Acquire only new mail", and "Leave incoming mail on server" all affect how this operates. See the section on settings for more information)

To read your incoming messages, bring the "Index" window to the front if necessary by pressing "F9" or the "Index" button or by picking "Index" from the Window menu.
Index Window

This screen lists messages in your current mailbox. (Incoming mail comes to the IN mailbox.) 
The current message is indicated by video highlighting. You can pick a different message by moving with the cursor up and down arrow keys or by clicking once with the mouse. 

To read the current message, press F7 or the "Viewer" button or pick "Viewer" from the Window menu. 
(Double clicking with the mouse in the Index window does not open a message, it toggles on and off a check mark in front of the message. This is used to select a group of messages for some other operations, like deleting messages.)

Viewer Window

Once you are in the Viewer window, you can go to other messages with the "Next" and "Previous" buttons. 

Other operations on messages

NUPop has a number of other features to manipulate stored messages. These appear on the "MailBox" menu and are described below.  For some functions, a button of the same name is also available in the Viewer or Index Windows.
Functions marked below with "(checked)" operate on either the current message or on all messages in the Index window marked with a check("√").  To check or un-check a message, double click with the mouse or press the space bar. (You may also use "Select All Messages", "Unselect All Messages" on the MailBox menu to check and un-check messages).
The letters "C" ,"V " , and "I" below indicate which in windows (Composer, Viewer, Index) a function will work.
Append from File - C
Allows you to append existing ASCII text from a file to the end of the existing text (if any) in the message you are composing.
Copy (checked)  - V I
Copy the current message (or all checked messages) to another mailbox.
Delete (checked)  - V I
Delete message current message (or all checked messages) from mailbox.
Edit  - V I
Create a new message by editing a copy of an existing message in the composer.
Forward - V 
Forward message to another recipient. Puts a copy of the current message in the Composer window - you must fill in the new destination.
New - V I
Compose new message (see section above on sending mail).
Reply - V I
Bring up the Composer window to reply to the current message, optionally with a copy of the current message.
Save to file - C V
Allows you to save a message (including SMTP message headers) to a file. If you only want to save the text without the headers, use the "Message/Write text" function instead.
Send Again - V I
Use this function to re-send a failed message that was "bounced" back because of a bad address or other delivery problem. "Send Again" will try to extract the original message and put it in the Composer window.
Transfer (checked)  - V I
Transfer message to another mailbox.
View - C I
Bring up the Viewer window to view current message (see section above on reading mail)
Write to file - C V
Write the text body without the headers of a message to a file.  If you want to save the entire message including SMTP message headers, use the "Message/Save to file" function instead. 

E-mail Addresses, Groups and Aliases

This section talks about e-mail addresses for Northwestern University users.  We assume you are using casbah, our main e-mail machine, as a POP server.
Your Address
You may use two e-mail addresses for yourself: your direct "casbah" address or your "ph" alias address. A casbah address has the form:
userid@casbah.acns.nwu.edu
jdoe@casbah.acns.nwu.edu
The "ph" alias system provides an on-line directory and a way for university students, faculty, and staff to forward their mail and use an alias of their own choice. In order to use a ph alias you must  store your real e-mail address in the ph database. ( This is described in more detail in another document.) 
Ph aliases have the form:
alias-name@nwu.edu
j-doe@nwu.edu
johnny-doe@nwu.edu
Everyone is automatically assigned an alias name but you may change it to any that alias does not conflict with existing  aliases, names and nicknames. We encourage people to use ph aliases. (The software for changing ph aliases is described in another document.) You can tell NUPop to use your ph alias as your return address, in the "User..."  dialog under the "Options" menu. 
The form of addresses
NUPop uses Internet-style addresses. Outbound addresses are interpreted by the system running your SMTP server , which can be a different system that the one on which you receive mail. For this reason, we recommend you use someone's full address, for example:
johndoe@casbah.acns.nwu.edu  
not  johndoe
jsmith@nuacvm.acns.nwu.edu  
not  jsmith
Bitnet addresses are usually written in the Internet style by adding ".bitnet" to the end:
username@host.bitnet
(This is true at Northwestern, but may not apply at other sites.)
NUPop's built-in address book
NUPop has a built-in "address-book", where you can save  lists of people to which you send mail. This is under the "Groups" menu.  Treat a single person who address you wish to store as a "group" with one member. 
The "Groups" menu can be used to paste a list of addresses into the "To: ", "Cc: "or "BlCc:" fields. If "Expand group names when sending messages" is checked in "Preferences/Message",  you can use group names as aliases in the "To: ", "Cc: "or "BlCc:" fields and they will be translated into the stored address or list of addresses.
Looking up addresses with ph and finger
NUPop can look up information in the on-line "ph" campus wide directory or with finger (for a particular system). These features may not work over a dial-up connection.

Timed Message Acquisition
Picking "Timed message acquisition" from the MailBox menu asks NUPop to check for mail periodically. You will be prompted for the interval between each acquisition attempt. NUPop beeps each time it successfully acquires new mail.
This feature is most useful if you are running NUPop under a multitasker like MS Windows or DesqView, so that you can run NUPop as a background process.  Note that this doesn't work if other TCP/IP network software is running when NUPop attempts to acquire messages.
For safety reasons, this feature must be turned on from the menu.

Settings you may wish to change
NUPop has many screens of settings, accessed under the "Options" menu.  This section describes some options of interest to general users. 
Other options which not described are discussed in the NUPop Installation/Configuration document and the on-line help. These options rarely need to be changed after installation.
(At Northwestern we are running a "POP3" server; as noted below, some features work differently for "POP2" servers.)
Settings under: Options/Preferences/Message
Append signature to outgoing mail
When this is checked, NUPop will end each of your outgoing messages with "signature"  text of your choice.  Use "Signature" on the "Options" menu to set your signature.
Ask for return receipt
Checking this adds an SMTP "Return-receipt-to:" field to each outgoing message.  Some mail systems will process this field and return a receipt message which indicates that the message has been received and/or delivered to the specified addressee(s). Since many mail systems ignore this field, this feature does not always work.
Delete unprocessed messages without warning  
NUPop usually warns you if you try to delete a received message which you haven't read yet, or and outgoing messages which you haven't sent yet. When this is checked, NUPop will not issue any such warnings. 
Empty trash when NUPop terminates
When you delete a message it is actually moved to the TRASH mailbox. When this is checked, NUPop empties the TRASH mailbox at the end of each NUPop session.  When this is not checked, NUPop keeps deleted messages in the TRASH mailbox from one NUPop session to another.
Enqueue outgoing mail
When this is checked, NUPop holds outgoing messages in the OUT mailbox, until "Send Queued Messages" is picked from the "MailBox" menu. Otherwise, NUPop sends a message immediately when you select "Send" in the composer window. 
Expand group names when sending messages
When this is checked,  as mail is sent out, NUPop automatically replaces group names that appear in the "To:"," Cc:", or "BlCc: " fields with the corresponding list of addresses.
Acquire only new mail
When this is checked,NUPop only gets new messages from the POP3 server, skipping over old messages which have previously been accessed.  (Note that this option does NOT work with POP2 servers, and may not work with all POP3 server. ) This option is normally selected.  If this option is not selected, then NUPop gets all messages, even previously read messages. 
Acquire mail at startup
When this is checked, NUPop automatically downloads any new mail , when you start NUPop. 
Honor return receipt request 
When this is checked, NUPop sends (or enqueues) a return receipt message for a corresponding incoming mail message. 
 Include mail text in reply
This feature is used in conjunction with the Reply button in the Viewer  window.  When this is checked, NUPop puts a copy of the incoming message in the Composer window if you Reply.  
The text from the incoming message will appear before your  reply, with a leader line stating, " On [date] [author] writes: ".  
To differentiate the incoming message from your  reply,   NUPop places a ">" symbol before each line of the incoming message.  You then type your  reply following or interspersed with this text. 
Leave incoming mail on server 
When this is checked, NUPop leaves a copy of any downloaded messages on the remote server.  This option is useful for testing and when you are reading/downloading your mail in two ways. We do not recommend using the POP server for long-term storage of mail.  (This option does not work with POP2 servers. )
Keep copy of outgoing mail
When this is checked, NUPop leaves a copy of each outgoing message into the SENT mailbox, marking the message as sent. This saves a record of every message you send.
Word wrap in active in message composer
When this is checked, NUPop wraps long lines of text as they are entered into the Composer screen. 
Settings under: Options/Preferences/Message
Display initial copyright screen
When this is checked, NUPop displays the NUPop copyright dialog box (NUPop's initial screen) whenever you start up NUPop. 
Prompt for password at startup 
When this is checked, NUPop asks you to enter your password every time you start NUPop.  The password is not stored in the configuration file. 
Quit NUPop without prompting
When this is checked, NUPop will not ask you if you really want to exit NUPop when you select "File/Exit" or press <ALT>X. 
43/50 Line Mode at  program startup
When this is checked, NUPop will start with the program in the highest resolution mode allowed by  your computer's video display adapter.  You can  always use NUPop's Video mode command under the Utilities menu to switch to between low resolution mode (25  line mode) and high resolution mode (43/50 line mode). 
Settings under:  Options/Signature
In this screen you can enter several lines of "signature" text which will be put at the end of messages
Settings under: Options/User
User Name
This is the user id of your account on the POP server. In general, it is case sensitive.
Full Name
This is your human name, as you want it to appear in comments in the mail headers.
Password
The password corresponding to your user id. This is also case sensitive on UNIX systems.  If you leave this blank in the configuration dialog, you will be prompted for it later.
Return Address
Specify this if you want your e-mail headers to list a different return address than your user id and host that you use for POP.  (At Northwestern this is a good place to put your "ph" alias, if you have registered you e-mail address in the "ph" database.)
Mail Path
Specifies a DOS subdirectory in which NUPOP will create subdirectories for mail. (We recommend using a different directory than you use for the NUPOP program, to make it easier to update to a new version of NUPOP.)
Enclosure Path
Specifies a DOS subdirectory in which NUPOP will save enclosures. If this is blank,enclosures are saved by default in the ENCL subdirectory of the IN.MBX mail box directory.

Appendix A: The NUPop Composer Editor
It is possible to compose mail in NUPop without using anything but the cursor arrows or  mouse and Backspace key for editing; 
However, the built-in editor does have a number of additional features activated by special key combinations.
The following table contains the editing commands available in the NUPop in the Composer or in File Menu New/Open editor windows.

Key sequence	Description	
<Ctrl>-A	Move cursor left to previous word.	
<Ctrl>-B	Reformat paragraph to current margins.	
<Ctrl>-C	Page down one screen.	
<Ctrl>-D	Move cursor right one character.	
<Ctrl>-E	Move cursor up one line.	
<Ctrl>-F	Move cursor right to next word.	
<Ctrl>-G	Delete character cursor is on.	
<Ctrl>-H	Delete character to left of cursor.	
<Ctrl>-I	Move right to next tab position.	
<Ctrl>-J-L	Jump to a line number.	
<Ctrl>-K-<#>	Set place marker (0 to 9). *	
<Ctrl>-K-B	Begin selecting text.	
<Ctrl>-K-C	Copy text from clipboard into document.	
<Ctrl>-K-D	Save document and exit editor immediately.	
<Ctrl>-K-F	Save current document to another file.	
<Ctrl>-K-H	Hide selected text.	
<Ctrl>-K-K	Copy text from document into clipboard.	
<Ctrl>-K-S	Save document and continue editing.	
<Ctrl>-K-T	Select current word cursor is on.	
<Ctrl>-K-Y	Remove text from document into clipboard.	
<Ctrl>-K-X	Save document and exit editor immediately.	
<Ctrl>-L	Continue searching for specified text.	
<Ctrl>-M	Enter CR/LF pair.	
<Ctrl>-N	Add CR/LF pair AT cursor and keep cursor position.	
<Ctrl>-O-C	Center text on cursor line.	
<Ctrl>-O-I	Set tab positions.	
<Ctrl>-O-R	Set right margin position of line.	
<Ctrl>-O-W	Toggle word wrap mode on or off.	
<Ctrl>-Q-<#>	Move cursor to specified place marker (0 to 9). *	
<Ctrl>-Q-A	Search for text and replace it.	
<Ctrl>-Q-C	Move cursor to end of document.	
<Ctrl>-Q-D	Move cursor to end of line.	
<Ctrl>-Q-F	Find specified text.	
<Ctrl>-Q-H	Delete text from cursor to start of line.	
<Ctrl>-Q-I	Toggle Indent Mode on and off.	
<Ctrl>-Q-R	Move cursor to beginning of document.	
<Ctrl>-Q-S	Move cursor to beginning of line	
<Ctrl>-Q-U	Reformat the document text.	
<Ctrl>-Q-Y	Delete text from cursor to end of line.	
<Ctrl>-R	Page up one screen.	
<Ctrl>-S	Move cursor left one character.	
<Ctrl>-T	Delete text from current cursor to next word.	
<Ctrl>-U	Restore text to previous state.	
<Ctrl>-V	Toggle cursor between insert and over-strike mode.	
<Ctrl>-W	Scroll screen up one line keeping cursor position.	
<Ctrl>-X	Move cursor down one line.	
<Ctrl>-Y	Delete line of text cursor is on.	
<Ctrl>-Z	Scroll screen down one line keeping cursor position.	
<Backspace>	Delete character to left of cursor.	
<Left Arrow>	Move cursor left one character.	
<Right Arrow>	Move cursor right one character.	
<Ctrl>-<Left Arrow>	Move cursor left to previous word.	
<Ctrl>-<Right Arrow>	Move cursor right to next word.	
<Home>	Move cursor to start of line.	
<End>	Move cursor to end of line.	
<Ctrl>-<Home>	Move cursor to top of current page.	
<Ctrl>-<End>	Move cursor to bottom of current page.	
<Up Arrow>	Move cursor up one line.	
<Down Arrow>	Move cursor down one line.	
<PgUp>	Page up one screen.	
<PgDn>	Page down one screen.	
<Ctrl>-<PgUp>	Move cursor to beginning of document.	
<Ctrl>-<PgDn>	Move cursor to end of document.	
<Ins>	Toggle cursor between insert and over-strike mode.	
<Del>	Delete character cursor is on or selected text.	
<Ctrl>-<Backspace>	Delete text from cursor to start of line.	
<Shift>-<Ins>	Copy text from clipboard into document.	
<Shift>-<Del>	Remove text from document into clipboard.	
<Ctrl>-<Ins>	Copy text from document into clipboard.	
<Ctrl>-<Del>	Clear out and dispose of clipboard contents.	

In the table above, labels of keys are enclosed in Angle brackets, for example "<PgUp>. 

Above, "<Ctrl>-S" means press the "S" key while holding down the "CTRL" (Control) key.

Above, "<Ctrl>-K-S" means the same as <Crtl>-<K> <Crtl>-<S> or <Crtl>-<K> S, that is, you may hold down or release the Control key while typing the second letter.

Above, <#> means a numeric value between 1 and 0 on the keyboard.  (i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0)

Appendix B: "Hot Keys" in NUPop
Some frequently used menu commands can be activated with a hot key shortcut.  These hot keys are listed below.
Hot-Key	Command	
<Alt>-C 	Configure	
<Alt>-P	Print	
<Alt>-X	Exit	
<Shift>-<Del>	Cut to Clipboard	
<Ctrl>-<Ins>	Copy to Clipboard	
<Shift>-<Ins>	Paste from Clipboard	
<Ctrl>-Q-F	Find Text	
<Ctrl>-Q-A 	Replace Text	
<Ctrl>-L 	Search Again	
<F5>	Select group	
<F2>	Save Memo File	
<Alt>-<F3>	Close Window	
<Ctrl>-<F5>	Resize/move Window	
<F6>	Next window	
<F7>	Viewer	
<F8>	Composer	

Appendix C: Status Flags in the Index Window
This is a list of the possible flags that may appear to the left of a message in the NUPop index window, and what they mean:
Character	Meaning	
Blank	No status stored in index or already received and read	
√	Temporary "check mark" to indicate selected messages for operations on groups of messages.	
B	A "Bounced" message returned because of address error or other delivery problem.	
D	Deleted message	
F	Has been Forwarded	
N	Unread Received message	
R	Has been Replied to	
S	Has been Send	
Q	Queued - either not yet sent or waiting to send a return receipt.